Abstract: The plant material was extracted with organic solvent, and the infrared spectrum of the extract was determined. The infrared spectrum of the root bark of Celastrus angulatus collected in different regions and in different seasons was obviously characterized and stable. And the infrared spectrum of the root bark of different species of the same genus is very different; the infrared spectrum changes of the root bark of C. serrata and the different proportions of the roots of Celastrus or biculatus are between two pure plant roots. Some peak intensity is weakened or enhanced between the infrared spectra of the skin. These results indicate that it is feasible to identify the species similar to the morphology of the root bark of the scutellaria bark by infrared spectroscopy and to test the purity of the root bark of the scutellaria bark.
Key words: Bitter vine, infrared spectroscopy, species identification In recent years, the use of infrared spectroscopy to identify species has progressed rapidly. Naumann et al. studied the infrared spectrum characteristics of pathogenic bacteria and used them for the classification and identification of bacteria. Gong Shipen et al. carried out a comparative study on the infrared spectrum of the wheat sphaeroides and the sphagnum sphaeroides, especially in the infrared. Spectral identification of the authenticity of Chinese medicinal materials is gaining more and more attention. For example, Tian Jianguo used infrared spectroscopy to identify berberine and rhubarb , puerarin and puerarin. Zhou Tianda and Zhang Bing used infrared spectroscopy to identify bear bile, bovine bile and pig gall.
Celastrus angulatus, a deciduous shrub of the genus Euphorbia, is one of the insecticidal plants of Zui, which is of great value in China. It is mainly used as an insecticide for its root bark. The celite vine emulsion oil and its manufacturing method have obtained the national invention patent. To ensure the quality of the succulent emulsifiable concentrate, first of all, we must take the quality of the raw material (root skin) acquisition and identify the authenticity of the bitter vine root bark. To this end, we carried out the application of the infrared spectrum characteristics of the scutellaria chinensis in the approximation of the species identification, in order to explore the possibility of identifying the authenticity of the scutellaria bark (especially after coarse pulverization) by infrared spectroscopy.
1 Materials and methods 1.1 Plant samples 1.2 Instruments Hitachi 260-10 infrared spectrophotometer with a resolution of 4/cm.
1.3 Method 50g root bark powder was weighed and extracted with 150mL benzene at 85 ° C for 3 h, filtered; 9OmL benzene was added to the filter residue, refluxed for 2 h, and filtered. The filtrate was combined, and the solvent was distilled off at about 50 ° C using a rotary evaporator to obtain a crude extract. After adding 10 mL of chloroform, the mixture was extracted twice with 5 mL of methanol and 15 mL of distilled water, and the chloroform layer was collected, and the solvent was naturally evaporated in a fume hood, and placed in an oven at 45 ° C for 24 hours. Weigh 2.0 mg, add 150 mg of potassium bromide tablets, record the infrared spectrum, scan range 4000-650 / cm.
2 Results and analysis 2.1 Characteristics and repeatability of infrared spectrum of scutellaria.
The IR spectrum of the root bark of the cultivar collected in different seasons in the same region, Fig. 2 is the IR spectrum of the root bark of the cultivar of different species. It can be seen from these maps that the infrared absorption spectra of the root bark extracts collected from different regions and the cultivars collected in different seasons in the same region have good characteristics and repeatability, although the lines are between Some areas show small differences, but their characteristic peak positions and map outlines are the same. It is feasible to identify the root bark of the sarcophagus according to its characteristic peak position and spectral profile.
2.2 Infrared spectra of the same genus plants The IR spectra of the extracts of two species of the southern snake genus, Nanfang vine and the big bud, were compared. The infrared spectra of the two plants, their contours and peak shape and bitter skin The vines are obviously different. For example, in the area of ​​3500-3000/cm, the valley area of ​​Figure 3 is gentle, only a few small peaks, which are a valley area with high absorption intensity; at 1630/cm and 1500/cm, the figure shows 2 Small absorption peak. Therefore, although the outer morphology, odor, and the like of the southern snake vine and the big bud southern snake vine are similar to those of the sylvestris chinensis, the infrared spectrum of the root bark extract can be used to identify the root bark of the stalk.
2.3 Infrared spectrum comparison of doped scutellariae 07, 09 samples and infrared spectra of the two mixed ratios. It can be seen that the lines of the samples No.1 and No.12 are similar to the lines of the No.09 sample, and the lines of the No.13 and No.14 samples are similar to the No.07 samples. Such as: between 35O0-3000/cm, O9 (Southern Snake) valley area is gentle, only a few small peaks, while No. 07 (Huaxian bitter vine) is a valley with high absorption intensity, 11, The 12th sample (80% Southern snake vine + 20% celestial vine, 60% southern snake vine + 40% celestial vine) mainly shows the gentle peak shape of No. 09, while the 13th and 14th samples (40% Southern snake vine) +6O% bitter vine, 20% southern snake vine +80% bitter vine) showed strong absorption peak in the Otani area of ​​the scutellaria chinensis, and the absorption intensity increased with the increase of the proportion of scutellaria chinensis; Same as the southern snake vine at 1630/cm. The small absorption peaks at 1 and 1500/cm, from l1 to 14, with the increase of the amount of celestial vine, the two peaks are gradually weakened. By the 14th sample, the shoulder has reached 1630/cm, 1500/ The cm was completely covered; the absorption peak of the scutellaria was mainly weakened at 740/cm, and the southern snake vine had no absorption peak at 740/cm. Therefore, from the 14th to the 11th, as the mixing amount of the southern snake vine increases, the absorption peak of 740/cm gradually weakens, and when the mixing amount reaches 80%, the shoulder peak is formed at 740/cm. Therefore, it is also feasible to identify whether or not the sarcophagus is doped by infrared spectroscopy.
3 Discussion (1) Infrared spectroscopy of extracts from the root bark of Phyllostachys pubescens collected from different regions and different seasons was conducted to determine the characteristics and repeatability of the infrared spectrum of the scutellaria chinensis under different conditions. It can be seen from the measurement results that although there are some slight differences in the infrared spectrum of the sarcophagus in different cases, the outlines of the entire spectrum are very similar, have their characteristics, and the characteristics are stable. Therefore, as long as the sample extraction method and measurement method are standardized, infrared spectroscopy can be used as a means for identifying the root bark of the scutellaria bark to distinguish it from other plants, especially the southern genus.
(2) There are still some small differences in the IR spectrum of the extracts of the cultivar of the cultivar collected in different regions or in different seasons. For example, the spring and winter root bark (ie O2, O1 sample) collected at the same location in Zhouzhi, Shaanxi, has a significantly higher absorption intensity at 740/cm than other samples; Zhouzhi as a regional sample (4 seasons) at 122O The number of peaks and peak shape between 1020/cm is simpler than that of other regions. These differences indicate that different collection sites and different collection times have an effect on the chemical composition of the scutellaria chinensis. This effect may come from the groups included. The difference in the proportion of the points or the difference in the content. If the infrared spectra of the extracts of C. serrata in different cases have their own constant differences, this difference may be used as the basis for identification of different origins, different collection times, etc. Since we have measured a small number of samples, this level is not yet reached, and this issue needs further study.
references
1 Tian Jianguo, Xu Xinrong. 1. Infrared spectroscopy was used to identify the Chinese herbal medicine. Chinese herbal medicine, 1989; 20(6): 221
2 Zhou Tianda, Zhang Bo. Infrared spectrum identification of bear bile, bovine gall, and pig gall. Chinese herbal medicine, l990; 21(3): 38
Key words: Bitter vine, infrared spectroscopy, species identification In recent years, the use of infrared spectroscopy to identify species has progressed rapidly. Naumann et al. studied the infrared spectrum characteristics of pathogenic bacteria and used them for the classification and identification of bacteria. Gong Shipen et al. carried out a comparative study on the infrared spectrum of the wheat sphaeroides and the sphagnum sphaeroides, especially in the infrared. Spectral identification of the authenticity of Chinese medicinal materials is gaining more and more attention. For example, Tian Jianguo used infrared spectroscopy to identify berberine and rhubarb , puerarin and puerarin. Zhou Tianda and Zhang Bing used infrared spectroscopy to identify bear bile, bovine bile and pig gall.
Celastrus angulatus, a deciduous shrub of the genus Euphorbia, is one of the insecticidal plants of Zui, which is of great value in China. It is mainly used as an insecticide for its root bark. The celite vine emulsion oil and its manufacturing method have obtained the national invention patent. To ensure the quality of the succulent emulsifiable concentrate, first of all, we must take the quality of the raw material (root skin) acquisition and identify the authenticity of the bitter vine root bark. To this end, we carried out the application of the infrared spectrum characteristics of the scutellaria chinensis in the approximation of the species identification, in order to explore the possibility of identifying the authenticity of the scutellaria bark (especially after coarse pulverization) by infrared spectroscopy.
1 Materials and methods 1.1 Plant samples 1.2 Instruments Hitachi 260-10 infrared spectrophotometer with a resolution of 4/cm.
1.3 Method 50g root bark powder was weighed and extracted with 150mL benzene at 85 ° C for 3 h, filtered; 9OmL benzene was added to the filter residue, refluxed for 2 h, and filtered. The filtrate was combined, and the solvent was distilled off at about 50 ° C using a rotary evaporator to obtain a crude extract. After adding 10 mL of chloroform, the mixture was extracted twice with 5 mL of methanol and 15 mL of distilled water, and the chloroform layer was collected, and the solvent was naturally evaporated in a fume hood, and placed in an oven at 45 ° C for 24 hours. Weigh 2.0 mg, add 150 mg of potassium bromide tablets, record the infrared spectrum, scan range 4000-650 / cm.
2 Results and analysis 2.1 Characteristics and repeatability of infrared spectrum of scutellaria.
The IR spectrum of the root bark of the cultivar collected in different seasons in the same region, Fig. 2 is the IR spectrum of the root bark of the cultivar of different species. It can be seen from these maps that the infrared absorption spectra of the root bark extracts collected from different regions and the cultivars collected in different seasons in the same region have good characteristics and repeatability, although the lines are between Some areas show small differences, but their characteristic peak positions and map outlines are the same. It is feasible to identify the root bark of the sarcophagus according to its characteristic peak position and spectral profile.
2.2 Infrared spectra of the same genus plants The IR spectra of the extracts of two species of the southern snake genus, Nanfang vine and the big bud, were compared. The infrared spectra of the two plants, their contours and peak shape and bitter skin The vines are obviously different. For example, in the area of ​​3500-3000/cm, the valley area of ​​Figure 3 is gentle, only a few small peaks, which are a valley area with high absorption intensity; at 1630/cm and 1500/cm, the figure shows 2 Small absorption peak. Therefore, although the outer morphology, odor, and the like of the southern snake vine and the big bud southern snake vine are similar to those of the sylvestris chinensis, the infrared spectrum of the root bark extract can be used to identify the root bark of the stalk.
2.3 Infrared spectrum comparison of doped scutellariae 07, 09 samples and infrared spectra of the two mixed ratios. It can be seen that the lines of the samples No.1 and No.12 are similar to the lines of the No.09 sample, and the lines of the No.13 and No.14 samples are similar to the No.07 samples. Such as: between 35O0-3000/cm, O9 (Southern Snake) valley area is gentle, only a few small peaks, while No. 07 (Huaxian bitter vine) is a valley with high absorption intensity, 11, The 12th sample (80% Southern snake vine + 20% celestial vine, 60% southern snake vine + 40% celestial vine) mainly shows the gentle peak shape of No. 09, while the 13th and 14th samples (40% Southern snake vine) +6O% bitter vine, 20% southern snake vine +80% bitter vine) showed strong absorption peak in the Otani area of ​​the scutellaria chinensis, and the absorption intensity increased with the increase of the proportion of scutellaria chinensis; Same as the southern snake vine at 1630/cm. The small absorption peaks at 1 and 1500/cm, from l1 to 14, with the increase of the amount of celestial vine, the two peaks are gradually weakened. By the 14th sample, the shoulder has reached 1630/cm, 1500/ The cm was completely covered; the absorption peak of the scutellaria was mainly weakened at 740/cm, and the southern snake vine had no absorption peak at 740/cm. Therefore, from the 14th to the 11th, as the mixing amount of the southern snake vine increases, the absorption peak of 740/cm gradually weakens, and when the mixing amount reaches 80%, the shoulder peak is formed at 740/cm. Therefore, it is also feasible to identify whether or not the sarcophagus is doped by infrared spectroscopy.
3 Discussion (1) Infrared spectroscopy of extracts from the root bark of Phyllostachys pubescens collected from different regions and different seasons was conducted to determine the characteristics and repeatability of the infrared spectrum of the scutellaria chinensis under different conditions. It can be seen from the measurement results that although there are some slight differences in the infrared spectrum of the sarcophagus in different cases, the outlines of the entire spectrum are very similar, have their characteristics, and the characteristics are stable. Therefore, as long as the sample extraction method and measurement method are standardized, infrared spectroscopy can be used as a means for identifying the root bark of the scutellaria bark to distinguish it from other plants, especially the southern genus.
(2) There are still some small differences in the IR spectrum of the extracts of the cultivar of the cultivar collected in different regions or in different seasons. For example, the spring and winter root bark (ie O2, O1 sample) collected at the same location in Zhouzhi, Shaanxi, has a significantly higher absorption intensity at 740/cm than other samples; Zhouzhi as a regional sample (4 seasons) at 122O The number of peaks and peak shape between 1020/cm is simpler than that of other regions. These differences indicate that different collection sites and different collection times have an effect on the chemical composition of the scutellaria chinensis. This effect may come from the groups included. The difference in the proportion of the points or the difference in the content. If the infrared spectra of the extracts of C. serrata in different cases have their own constant differences, this difference may be used as the basis for identification of different origins, different collection times, etc. Since we have measured a small number of samples, this level is not yet reached, and this issue needs further study.
references
1 Tian Jianguo, Xu Xinrong. 1. Infrared spectroscopy was used to identify the Chinese herbal medicine. Chinese herbal medicine, 1989; 20(6): 221
2 Zhou Tianda, Zhang Bo. Infrared spectrum identification of bear bile, bovine gall, and pig gall. Chinese herbal medicine, l990; 21(3): 38
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