The basic principle of atomic absorption spectroscopy

1. Generation of Atomic Absorption Spectrum It is well known that the atoms of any element are composed of nuclei and electrons that move around the nuclei. The extranuclear electrons are layered according to their energy levels to form different energy levels. Therefore, a nuclei can have many A state of energy level. The state of the lowest energy level is called the ground state energy level (E0 = 0), the remaining energy levels are called the excited state energy levels, and the lowest energy state is called the first excited state. Under normal conditions, the atoms are in the ground state and the extranuclear electrons move in their lowest energy orbits. If a certain external energy, such as light energy, is provided to the ground state atom, when the ambient light energy E is exactly equal to the energy level difference ΔE between the ground state and a certain higher energy level in the ground state atom, the atom will absorb this characteristic wavelength. In light, the outer electrons transition from the ground state to the corresponding excited state, resulting in an atomic absorption spectrum. After the electron transitions to the higher energy level, it is in the excited state, but the excited electron is unstable. After about 10-8 seconds, the excited electron will return to the ground state or other lower energy level, and the energy absorbed when the electron transitions. Released in the form of light, this process is called atomic emission spectroscopy. It can be seen that the atomic absorption spectroscopy process absorbs radiant energy, while the atomic emission spectroscopy process releases radiant energy. The spectral lines absorbed by the transition from the ground state to the first excited state of the extranuclear electrons are called resonance absorption lines, which are abbreviated as resonance lines. The line emitted when the electron returns from the first excited state to the ground state is called the first resonant emission line. Since the energy level difference between the ground state and the first excited state is the smallest, the probability of electron transition is the largest, so the resonant absorption line is most likely to occur. For most elements, it is the most sensitive of all the absorption lines. In the atomic absorption spectrometry analysis, the resonance line is usually used as the absorption line.
2. Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Principle The wavelength region of the atomic absorption spectrometry analysis is in the near ultraviolet region. The analysis principle is that the characteristic spectrum of the element to be measured radiated from the light source is absorbed by the ground state atoms of the element to be measured in the vapor of the sample, and the degree of attenuation of the emission spectrum, and then the content of the element to be measured in the sample is obtained. Lumber-Beer Law
A= -lg I/I o= -lgT = KCL
Where I is the transmitted light intensity, I0 is the emitted light intensity, T is the transmittance, and L is the light path through the atomizer. Since L is a constant value, A = KC.

Atomic Absorption Spectrometer using computer technology to introduce atomic absorption spectrometer, the performance of better instruments are generally controlled by the computer to operate, but due to the different models of the instrument, the use of methods are not consistent. Taking the Solaar-929 atomic absorption spectrometer manufactured by American ATIUNICAM Corporation as an example, the use of atomic absorption spectrometer is described.
1. Open the host computer, the computer enters the Windows window, select the Solaar-929 cursor to press twice, enter this page, enter the Lamp in the Spectmeter, set the desired lamp and lamp current, enter the element, select the element to be analyzed.
2. Light up, then go to the Setup optics in the Action to set the light path, enter the System, choose to use a flame or graphite furnace.
3. Enter the Calibration parameter.
4. If you use a graphite furnace, you need to enter the furnace program and robot parameters.
5. Enter the Sequence input program.
6. Ignition, optimize gas flow, impact ball and flame head position.
7. The furnace should optimize the position of the burner and the position of the autosampler.
8. Select Analyse in Action to analyze.
9. After the analysis is complete, save the data in File and save the result.
10. Exit Windows, shut down, shut off, and turn off the water.

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Foot-rest

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