The long growth period of long bean is in the season of high temperature and heavy rainfall. The occurrence of diseases and insect pests is serious. If the management can not keep up, the quality of the beans will be reduced and the yield will be reduced. Prevention and control measures should be based on agricultural control, supplemented by chemical control to ensure product quality and safety.
First, rust
Occurred from August to September, which mainly harmed the leaves and began to appear yellow-green spots on the leaves. There were many small spots on the back of the leaves, which were slightly raised and gradually enlarged. After the ripening, the reddish-brown powder was dispersed and turned black to form large ones. The lesions cause the leaves to scorch and fall off.
Prevention methods: 1. The plots are flat and do not accumulate water after the rain. 2. The residue of the crop after harvesting should be cleaned up, and the applied organic fertilizer should be fully decomposed. 3. Seed disinfection with 1% potassium permanganate, 100 times formalin soaking, or seed dressing with 50% carbendazim, the amount of seed 0.3% to 0.4%. 4. The spray of medicament is sprayed with 75% Dakenin 1000 times or 10% Shigeo 2000 times and sprayed for 2 to 3 days.
Second, virus disease
On the leaves, there are obvious mosaics, yellow spots, leaf shrinkage, severe plant dwarfing, and failure to flower or even wilting.
Control methods: 1. Watering often when high temperature and drought, increase the humidity in the field. 2. Remove weeds and eradicate parasite transmission routes. 3. Pharmacology prevention and treatment of poisoning. With 10% imidacloprid 2000 to 3000 times the liquid, spray 2 to 3 times to prevent aphids, virus disease occurred in time after the use of virus A, Zhiling Ling and other agents spray control.
Third, anthrax
Leaves occur at the proximal leaf veins, producing reddish-brown to black-brown polyhedral spots, red dents on petiole stem vines, round brown dots on beans, enlarged round lesions, light brown edges To pink.
Control methods: 1. Strengthen the management of agricultural cultivation, rational close planting, increase organic fertilizer, appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. 2. The agent used 25% Amisida, 10% Shigao, 75% Miconazole and other sprays, alternating use, even spray 3 to 4 times.
Fourth, bean pods
The wintering of earthworms in the earth is the larvae damage period from June to October every year. Adult phototaxis, eggs spawned in tender pods, flowers and petioles, the newly hatched larvae enter the tender larvae or flower feeding, resulting in flowers, fruit fall off, older larvae licked into the beans feeding, damaged beans often cause after the rain rot. The larvae are also often damaged by spit leaves. The mature larvae do pupa on both sides of the main veins on the back of the leaves, and they can also spin off the fallen soil surface or crust and phlegm in the fallen leaves. The larvae have the habit of nocturnal emission and backlighting. They hide in flower, beans, or leaves during the day and they excrete insect excrement to plug the boreholes. In addition to sporadic activities during the rainy days and daytime, they generally start crawling from the wormhole in the evening. Come out and stop to go out in the early morning of the next day.
Control methods: 1. Clear the flowers fall out of the field, and remove the wounded leaves and beans to reduce the source of insects. 2. Set up black light lamps, use adult phototaxis habits, and seduce and kill. 3. Pharmacy use 5% Ruijinte 2000 times, 40% fenvalerate 6000 times, 2.5% deltamethrin 3000 times and other agents, spray once every 10 days, pay attention to spraying evenly.
Fifth, leaf miner
The larvae invade the leaves and damage them. The leaves of the larvae only leave the upper and lower epidermis to form a tortuous tunnel and affect plant growth.
Control methods: 1. Use adult armyworm traps to kill adults. 2. Adults lay their eggs on the back of the leaf, spraying the back of the leaf. At the beginning of the larvae harm, the insecticides with both internal absorption and contact toxicity were selected and 48% of Loester EC 800 to 1000 times can be used for continuous spraying 2 to 3 times.
Six, red spider
The period from August to September is the peak period. When the young leaves are sucked into the leaves, they can be easily defoliated after being damaged. Immediately after the outbreak occurs, spray a sprayer to spray a pesticide enclosing circle, which is slightly larger than the range of occurrence, and then spray the plants in the encircled circle thoroughly to prevent the spread of red spiders. As for the variety of pesticides, it is possible to use peony, petroleone, avermectin (inulin, double gram) and so on. Use 10% EC 50 to 100 ml per acre, spray water uniformly from 1000 to 1500 times.
First, rust
Occurred from August to September, which mainly harmed the leaves and began to appear yellow-green spots on the leaves. There were many small spots on the back of the leaves, which were slightly raised and gradually enlarged. After the ripening, the reddish-brown powder was dispersed and turned black to form large ones. The lesions cause the leaves to scorch and fall off.
Prevention methods: 1. The plots are flat and do not accumulate water after the rain. 2. The residue of the crop after harvesting should be cleaned up, and the applied organic fertilizer should be fully decomposed. 3. Seed disinfection with 1% potassium permanganate, 100 times formalin soaking, or seed dressing with 50% carbendazim, the amount of seed 0.3% to 0.4%. 4. The spray of medicament is sprayed with 75% Dakenin 1000 times or 10% Shigeo 2000 times and sprayed for 2 to 3 days.
Second, virus disease
On the leaves, there are obvious mosaics, yellow spots, leaf shrinkage, severe plant dwarfing, and failure to flower or even wilting.
Control methods: 1. Watering often when high temperature and drought, increase the humidity in the field. 2. Remove weeds and eradicate parasite transmission routes. 3. Pharmacology prevention and treatment of poisoning. With 10% imidacloprid 2000 to 3000 times the liquid, spray 2 to 3 times to prevent aphids, virus disease occurred in time after the use of virus A, Zhiling Ling and other agents spray control.
Third, anthrax
Leaves occur at the proximal leaf veins, producing reddish-brown to black-brown polyhedral spots, red dents on petiole stem vines, round brown dots on beans, enlarged round lesions, light brown edges To pink.
Control methods: 1. Strengthen the management of agricultural cultivation, rational close planting, increase organic fertilizer, appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. 2. The agent used 25% Amisida, 10% Shigao, 75% Miconazole and other sprays, alternating use, even spray 3 to 4 times.
Fourth, bean pods
The wintering of earthworms in the earth is the larvae damage period from June to October every year. Adult phototaxis, eggs spawned in tender pods, flowers and petioles, the newly hatched larvae enter the tender larvae or flower feeding, resulting in flowers, fruit fall off, older larvae licked into the beans feeding, damaged beans often cause after the rain rot. The larvae are also often damaged by spit leaves. The mature larvae do pupa on both sides of the main veins on the back of the leaves, and they can also spin off the fallen soil surface or crust and phlegm in the fallen leaves. The larvae have the habit of nocturnal emission and backlighting. They hide in flower, beans, or leaves during the day and they excrete insect excrement to plug the boreholes. In addition to sporadic activities during the rainy days and daytime, they generally start crawling from the wormhole in the evening. Come out and stop to go out in the early morning of the next day.
Control methods: 1. Clear the flowers fall out of the field, and remove the wounded leaves and beans to reduce the source of insects. 2. Set up black light lamps, use adult phototaxis habits, and seduce and kill. 3. Pharmacy use 5% Ruijinte 2000 times, 40% fenvalerate 6000 times, 2.5% deltamethrin 3000 times and other agents, spray once every 10 days, pay attention to spraying evenly.
Fifth, leaf miner
The larvae invade the leaves and damage them. The leaves of the larvae only leave the upper and lower epidermis to form a tortuous tunnel and affect plant growth.
Control methods: 1. Use adult armyworm traps to kill adults. 2. Adults lay their eggs on the back of the leaf, spraying the back of the leaf. At the beginning of the larvae harm, the insecticides with both internal absorption and contact toxicity were selected and 48% of Loester EC 800 to 1000 times can be used for continuous spraying 2 to 3 times.
Six, red spider
The period from August to September is the peak period. When the young leaves are sucked into the leaves, they can be easily defoliated after being damaged. Immediately after the outbreak occurs, spray a sprayer to spray a pesticide enclosing circle, which is slightly larger than the range of occurrence, and then spray the plants in the encircled circle thoroughly to prevent the spread of red spiders. As for the variety of pesticides, it is possible to use peony, petroleone, avermectin (inulin, double gram) and so on. Use 10% EC 50 to 100 ml per acre, spray water uniformly from 1000 to 1500 times.
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