Application of Bacillus subtilis in Pig Breeding

At present, China has approved 19 kinds of probiotics for feed additives. However, lactic acid bacteria, streptococcus faecalis, bacillus and yeasts are mainly used in actual production. Lactobacillus, Streptococcus faecalis and yeast feeding microorganisms have poor resistance to heat and alkali in the process of use, and have short storage time. During the processing of feed, they are almost completely inactivated after being pelletized by high temperature and high pressure. In the process of entering the animal's intestine, the loss is also great. The Bacillus sp. product exists in the form of endogenous spores. It is a robust and dormant living cell that can tolerate high temperatures and pressures as well as acids and bases. It has strong resistance and long storage time. It is not only in pellets but also in powders. All of them are relatively stable and can enter the animal's intestine to survive and proliferate in large numbers, becoming the most widely used probiotic species in microbial feed additives. Bacillus subtilis mechanism of action and use of effects 1, oxygen consumption, acid production, regulation of intestinal microecological balance, to prevent diarrhea, diarrhea and other diseases Bacillus subtilis during the growth of oxygen consumption, resulting in intestinal hypoxia, and the production of propionic acid, Butyric acid and other organic acids reduce the intestinal pH, promote the growth of beneficial anaerobic bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, etc., while inhibiting the growth and reproduction of intestinal pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli, Salmonella, etc., and increase the beneficial microorganisms in the intestinal bacterial species. The competitive advantage between the two is to prevent pig diarrhea and diarrhea. 2, secrete a variety of enzymes, improve feed digestion and utilization Bacillus subtilis can secrete a variety of enzymes such as protease, amylase, lipase, pectinase, glucanase, degradation of animal and animal feed complex organic matter, promote Digestion and absorption improve feed utilization. 3, produce a variety of nutrients, participate in the body's metabolism Bacillus subtilis growth and reproduction in the animal intestine, can produce vitamins, growth factors and protein peptide antibacterial substances and other nutrients, but also can improve the animal's utilization of calcium and phosphorus , participate in the body's metabolism. Reduce the excretion of nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium in the faeces, reduce the emission of harmful gases, reduce the concentration of harmful gases such as ammonia gas and helium in the breeding place, reduce the odor of feces, and improve the breeding environment. 4, to improve animal immunity Bacillus subtilis can stimulate the growth and development of animal immune organs, activate lymphocytes, improve immune globulin and antibody levels, activate the body's immune defense system through the lymphatic circulation, improve animal immunity and disease resistance. At the same time alleviate the anorexia, slow growth and other stress responses. Bacillus subtilis usage and dosage 1. Direct feeding Direct feeding includes two methods of use. When directly feeding Bacillus subtilis, it is necessary to pay attention to the amount of added, not to add more, the better, but the amount is too little does not work, added Too much to increase the cost, and second, too many bacteria will not work. The first method, when added to the feed during the seasoning, is also the most convenient and most effective method to use, because Bacillus subtilis has good heat resistance (90oC) and may participate in the high-temperature granulation of feed, and it has very Good storage performance, the general feed quality guarantee period is several months, and Bacillus subtilis only lost less than 10% at room temperature for two years. The amount of feed added is calculated as the full-price feed, which generally guarantees 500,000 to 100 million viable bacteria/g in the feed, and the amount of piglets added is double that of piglets, growing pigs, and finishing pigs. The second method is to add directly to the drinking water of the pig, and the amount added is calculated as the total number of live bacteria in the amount of feed directly fed. 2. Fermentation Feed Feeding Pigs Bacillus subtilis can also be used to ferment feeds, with Yeast, Aspergillus niger, and other probiotics, ferment roughage such as cassava residue, straw, distiller's grains, bagasse, etc. at a certain temperature and humidity. 3. Fermented dunnage bed Fermenting matting bed with fermenting agent is a relatively environmentally-friendly breeding method. The most important ingredient in the litter is a mixture of probiotics, and Bacillus subtilis is suitable for the environment. Strong, become the most important and most common additive in the starter. Use of Bacillus subtilis when raising pigs Bacillus subtilis is sensitive to most antibiotics. It is best not to use it together with antibiotics (especially when added to feed). For several antibiotics that are currently widely used In the range of the minimum inhibitory concentration against Bacillus subtilis (Olaquindox 16 micrograms/ml, Colistin sulfate 1 microgram/ml, Katasamycin 0.25 microgram/ml, Bacitracin 32 microgram/ml).

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