Cut flower peony production technology

Peony, the king of the country, and the king of flowers are the symbols of prosperity, auspiciousness, and prosperity. The cut flower peony is a high-grade, high-value flower material. At present, Japan is a major exporter of cut flowers and peony. (1) The ecological habits of cut flower peony. The peony nature should be fearful of wet, with fleshy roots and deep roots; it should be planted in loam or sandy loam with deep soil, fertile land and good drainage. Avoid salt, alkali, depression. In the process of its growth, the habit of “favorable cold and heat, good moisture, fear of wetness, and being born in high-growth, sunny, and pleasant” has been formed. The peony, a cut flower, must pay attention to this point in order to improve the quality and yield of peony cut flowers. benefit. (2) Selection of cut flower peony varieties Selection of cut flower peony varieties is appropriate or not, which directly affects the quality of cut flowers, according to the characteristics of different varieties and production, sales and customer needs. Peony varieties suitable for cut flowers should have the following characteristics: 1. High flowering rate and strong flowering ability; 2. Flowering water for a long time and good storage; 3. Bright colors and beautiful patterns; 4. Flower buds are round Or flat round, avoid the top part of the easy to crack; 5, hard texture of the petal, the degree of petalization does not need to be too high, the flowers do not have to be too large; 6, flower pedicels stand erect, strong support; 7, new growth year, new shoots, Shear has enough length; 8, petiole is short and flat, the blade is medium and small, the blade is smooth and glossy, no spots; 9. strong growth potential, strong sprouting force, high branching force, resistance to pests and diseases, Strong adaptability. Peony varieties suitable for cutting flowers: Chunhong Jiaoyan, Baiyuan Hongxia, Zhaoyi, Guanshi Moyu, Jingyu, Zi Erqiao, Venus Xuelang, Kao, Sun, Haihuang, Erqiao, Qinglong Zhenbao, Tianxiang Zhanlu, Yingyinghong, Yinhongqiaoyi, Junyanhong, Xiuhua peach, powder crown, green white, fragrant jade, green fragrant ball, Fengdan and so on. (III) Cultivation and management of cut flower peony The cultivation and management of cut flower peony is different from the management of ordinary peony commodity seedlings and also different from the management of peony promoted cultivation seedlings. It has its own management characteristics because the annual need to cut some flower branches for Cut flowers, but at the same time have to cultivate new branches for the next year. 1. According to the ecological habits of the cut flower peony, the plot must be selected before the planting, sufficient base fertilizer, deep tillage, flat; planting density of 80 cm * 80 cm can be, can not be too dense, can also intercropping, big row of 100 cm Small rows 70 cm, 70 cm spacing. 2. After leveling the land, according to the variety, size and specifications of the seedlings, the best planting time is from early September to early October. Dig hole planting, hole 20 cm square, depth of 30-40 cm, the seedlings or grafted seedlings will be placed in the hole, so that the root distribution, filling and compaction, so that the soil and root system tightly combined, and finally seal the winter. 3. The taking of buds by twigs is an important step in the cultivation of cut flower peony. The first year of planting basically does not require this work. In the spring of the second year, 3-5 shoots are selectively kept according to the growth conditions of the plants to prepare for the third year of cut flowers. In the third year of spring, 5-7 shoots can be retained ( Sprout lychee), make it evenly distributed, continue to cultivate as the fourth year's cut squid; later according to the cut flower peony's growth potential, step by step to retain the sprout twig. 4. The peony root system is well-developed, with deep roots, and requires a large amount of fertilizer. After planting, it must be top-dressed each year to meet the needs of its growth and development. Peony topdressing mainly organic fertilizer, supplemented by compound fertilizer, mainly in winter and spring peony dormancy period, supplemented by post-flower fat principles, spraying as a necessary supplement. Topdressing uses Pu Shi, acupuncture, and furrow. Organic manure was applied to the soil with every 2,000-3,000 kg of cooked manure or 200-400 kg of bean cake or cottonseed cake; the post-flower fertilizer was mainly scented oil and compound fertilizer. After the fertilization, if the soil is too dry, you need to water it again. It is best to use the water stored in the river or the pond; the water should not be too large, otherwise it will easily hurt the roots. The extra-root topdressing was carried out before and after the flowering peony growing season. 5, cut flower peony cultivation should pay attention to prevention and control of peony pests and diseases. Diseases include: leaf spot disease, which mainly damages the leaves. The control method is to spray 500 times carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl solution every 7-10 days after flowering, and to destroy the diseased and residual leaves after the winter. Purple feather disease is a root disease, the prevention and treatment method is to remove the root; with 500 times the carbendazim solution watered root; planted with 100 times carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl liquid soaked root; rotation for change. Insect pests include: underground pests, crickets, and earthworms. The control method is to fertilize phoxim poisonous baits while fertilizing, and it can also be mixed and killed by bait in spring. Ground pests: leaves, bud pests, after flowering, combined with spray fungicide to add insecticides such as methyl 1605, monocrotophos, spraying once every 7-10 days. Prevention and treatment of “Chinese Saw-timber Beetles”: Drill 3-4 times in the root of peony, put a piece of aluminum phosphide in each hole, or kill insects in a confined space with a success rate of 100. %. (D) cutting and packaging timely cutting, can make peony cut flowers to maintain a fresher state for a long time. Cut flower peony is generally taken after the flower buds have transmitted through the color, and is cut before being changed. This will help guarantee the normal color of the peony flower, which is favorable for storage and transportation. The specific cutting time is before the dew is dried every morning. Immediately after harvest, it is placed in a container filled with water; pruning is performed in time to remove excess compound leaves from the lower part. According to the customer's requirements, categorize and classify lashings and packaging. (5) Storage and Preservation After fresh cut flowers are cut, the peony must first be given enough nutrients and water to be preserved. Aquatic preservation solution formula: 15 g of glucose, 5 g of sucrose, 50 mg of borax, 450 mg of potassium sulfate, 250 mg of ammonium ammonium sulfate, 15 g of the above-mentioned homogeneous mixture, 3 ml of medical chloramphenicol, and water in a vase, May extend the life of flowers by about 5 times. The peony cut flowers that cannot be sold in time should be stored in cold storage and stored at a temperature of 0-0.3°C. Feeding is done once before storage. Storage cut flower peony treatment method: first with 4 millimolar STS treatment for 10 minutes, and then soaked in 4% sucrose solution for 8 - 12 hours, this can be maintained for 4 - 8 weeks, cut flower peony can still be normal flowering.

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