The rainbow trout is also known as red tilapia and red tilapia. It is a hybrid crossbreed of Nile tilapia and Mozambique tilapia. The color of the rainbow is bright red, no black peritoneum, looks like red fleas, and less thick thorns. It ingests green algae in the water and makes the meat rich in chlorophyll. The meat is fresh and refreshing, but it can also be a skin moisturizer. Seen tonics of tropical fish. In adult fish breeding, because of its bright body color, large individuals, rapid growth, and high yield, it is possible to carry out monoculture or polyculture as well as cage or paddy field farming. It is generally respected.
Pond single-cultivation 1. Choosing a pond breeding pond should be selected in places sheltered from the wind, sunny water, abundant water, fresh water, no pollution, quiet, and convenient transportation. Ponds are east-west and rectangular, with an area of ​​3-5 mu and a water depth of 1.5-2 m. The mud thickness of the pond is 20~30cm. Each pond is equipped with a 1.5kW impeller aerator. At the same time, we must also pay attention to the regulation of pond water temperature. The temperature range of rainbow trout is 20~35°C, and the optimum temperature is 25~34°C. When the temperature drops below 16°C, it seldom eats or stops feeding, and its minimum survival temperature is At 4°C, the maximum temperature is 42°C. Although its temperature capability is stronger than that of other tilapia species, its temperature should be controlled within its appropriate temperature range to create conditions for its rapid and healthy growth. 2. Clear pond fertilization Before the stocking of fish, first clear pond disinfection. Generally in the middle of April, use 75 to 100kg of fresh lime per acre, add 1m of water after 7 days, and then apply 300 to 400kg of manure to manure per acre to improve the water quality. Add a small amount of ovum to the pool. Or red cabbage.
3. Reasonable stocking ponds with a depth of 1.5m can be stocked with 4~5cm per mu, and rainbow trout species with 3000~5000 mu can reach 300~500kg. Here is also a method of adult fish rearing on a wheel catcher. The technical point is that when the water temperature stabilizes at or above 20°C in mid-April, put the fish into the pool, and raise about 50 g of rainbow trout weight per acre. 1,500 tails, together with 100g of white pheasant 150g, 50g of freshwater white pheasant. After four months of feeding, rainbow trout can grow to commercial fish with a tail weight of about 400g, which can be listed through fishing or fishing. By mid-August, the second stocking can be carried out, and 1000 to 1500 rainbow trout species weighing 50 g or more per acre are bred to the wintering season, and they can grow to the commercial fish size.
4. Intensive feeding The rainbow trout should be domesticated when it is fed. It can't catch food, and the trout is fierce. Therefore, the acclimation time should be extended to 1~1.5 hours. After continuous domestication for 10 days, the fry can be fed normally. The food of the rainbow trout is very wide. It is an omnivorous fish dominated by plant foods, and it is highly gluttonous and has a large food intake. Under the conditions of artificial rearing, various feeds can be fed, such as wheat, corn, cakes, etc., are all high quality feeds. The protein content in the initial feed should be 32% ~ 35%, and the daily feeding amount is 3%~5% of the total weight of the fish body. When the individual specifications grow to about 200g, the amount of feed can be adjusted to 2% of the total body weight, and ensure that the protein content in the feed is between 27% and 29%. When the individual reaches about 300 g, the rainbow trout enters the period of fastest growing, the daily feed is maintained at 1% to 2% of the fish's body weight, and the protein content in the feed is above 35%. The feed can be self-mixed, but it is best processed into pellets. At the same time, add at least once a week to supplement vitamin C in the feed. In the feeding method, we must emphasize the "four principles" principle. The rainbow trout grows fastest at 25~34°C and should increase the amount of feeding; reduce or stop feeding in bad weather such as rainy, hot and humid. Feed twice a day at 8 to 9 am and 3 to 4 pm. There are still 2~3 bait stations for every mu of ponds to be fed regularly.
5. Strengthen management
(1) Day and night patrol pond. Measure the water temperature and temperature three times a day, measure the pH value once a week, and measure the transparency twice. In the morning and at night, the patrol ponds will be ready for a breeding diary. (2) Adjust water quality. After the fish species is under the pond, keep the pool water dark brown with a transparency of 25-30 cm. Fertilizer is applied once a week, and human and animal manure is applied at each time. The dosage is 150-200kg per mu. When the weather is clear and the transparency of the water body is greater than 30cm, the amount of fertilizer can be appropriately increased. When the water quality is too fat, the fertilizer should be reduced or stopped, and new water should be injected. In the hot season, the water is changed 1~2 times a week, and 20~30% of the pool water is changed every time.
(3) Prevention of fish diseases. First of all, we must adhere to healthy culture, operate according to regulations, prevent problems before they occur. Secondly, we must do a good job of prevention: First, sterilize the seedlings, and soak the fish body with 5% saline or 0.1mg/L potassium permanganate solution for 10 to 15 minutes before infusing into the lower pool; secondly, disinfect the fish regularly for every 10 minutes. ~15 days of lime by 15~20kg per acre of water Quanchiposa, 1 ~ 2 times a month to adjust the PH value of the pool water to slightly alkaline, with biological agents to improve the microbial structure of the pond, improve water quality; third is to start oxygen: when Dissolved oxygen is low, and when the fish has a slight floating head, the aerator is opened. (4) Balanced listing. Rainbow trout is a tropical fish. It is easy to die when the weather is cold from around November to November. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to a balanced market in peacetime. Where conditions permit, it is advisable to stock early and multiply seedlings or raise wintering seedlings early for the morning market.
Mixed and polyculture refers generally to the use of a certain amount of red rainbow trout in fertilizer ponds without increasing feed or reducing the stocking density of the fish. Often in the breeding of four major fish ponds, with stocking 200 to 1000 rainbow per mu with the wintering and spring films. When the water temperature is maintained above 18°C, fish species can be released. Generally rearing fish species with a tail weight of about 10 to 15 g, and the average tail weight is 150 to 200 g in the next year, of which males are more than 300 g. It is also possible to carry out nesting in the fingerling pool, that is, to increase the number of rainbow trout species from 300 to 500 per acre after harvesting at the bottom of the fish species, and to harvest more than 70 kg of rainbow trout whose weight exceeds 150 g in autumn. In order to prevent growth in the pool from affecting growth, only male fish may be mixed in the pond. Rainbow cages for cage culture can be single-cultured and mixed-cultured in cages, and their culture techniques are the same as those for cage culture. The guarantee for the high yield of rainbow trout culture in cage culture is that large-scale fish species must be stocked, and the tail weight is better than 50 g. The stocking time is around mid-May and the water temperature is stable above 20°C. The stocking amount is 3 to 20 kg per cubic meter. Under cage culture conditions, full-priced compound feeds should be fed and supplemented with green feed. The formula for the full-price compound feed is: fish meal 30%, bean cake 20%, flour 15%, corn flour 15%, bran 15%, yeast 2.5% mineral 2% vitamin 0.5%. The content of protein in feed must reach 35% or more.
Paddy field farming in paddy fields is the cultivation of rice in the field, the stocking of rainbow trout, can remove pests and weeds in rice fields, can save rice field insecticide, weeding the characters spent. As the fish moves in the field, they can loosen the soil. The fish's excrement contains a large amount of nitrogen and also provides fertilizer for rice growth. As a result, rice production can be increased by 5 to 15%, and rainbow trout can produce 20 to 50 kg per mu. Paddy fields should be raised and reinforced when they are in the field, and trenches should be dug in the fields. Generally, when the seedlings return to green, the fish can be put into the fish. The fish species of 5~6cm per acre is 200~300, and if the fertilizer can be cast, it can be increased to 400~500 acre. Usually pay special attention to prevent the enemy from escape.