A suckling deer is a deer before weaning. The physiological function of all aspects of the body of the deer was imperfect at the time of birth, and the digestive function was imperfect. Especially the rumen development of the deer was very imperfect, the microflora had not yet been established, and the secretion of pepsin was low. Therefore, the suckling deer could only use a large amount of gastric endocrine secretion. Lactase, chymosin digests and absorbs lactose, glucose, and milk proteins in breast milk for nutrition. In addition, the suckling deer have low immunity, low secretion of gastric acid, weak barrier function, poor disease resistance, easy to induce various diseases and cause poor growth and development. Therefore, the key to feeding and management of suckling deer is to carefully prepare the newborn deer's care, allow the deer to eat early, eat the early mother's milk, prevent the damaging female deer, timely feed the deer, and ensure that the deer fully rest. When the deer was born, a large amount of mucus adhered to the body. Under normal circumstances, the female deer was immediately slaughtered to remove the fetal membranes and mucus from the deer, in order to promote the blood circulation of the deer and maintain the body temperature of the deer. If the biological deer or other female deer does not go through the mucus on the deer's body for a long period of time, artificial auxiliary measures should be taken. The breeder can use the odor-free and clean rag to dry the wet hair in time. More than 3 seconds after the birth of the deer, no breathing movements were observed and there was a possibility of suffocation. Immediate rescue should be provided. If inhalation of mucus in the pups' nostrils causes breathing difficulties, immediately hold the pup's hindlimb, hang it up and tap on its chest to spit it out and remove the mucus from the pips and nostrils to avoid death due to suffocation. Well-behaved deer will look for nipples within ten minutes after birth, stand up and look for breastmilk and eat colostrum within 3 hours. When the newborn deer has fed colostrum once, check the umbilical cord, cut the umbilicus, and use 3 iodine. disinfection. At the same time, it was used to make deer deer calls, injections of conventional vaccines and litter registration. In addition, attention should also be paid to the thermal insulation and daily health work of the deer after birth, such as cleaning the soft hay or leaves in the deer protection fence or the crib, changing the litter, and improving the sanitation and disinfection of the surrounding environment and feeding supplies. Colostrum is the milk secreted by the female deer within the first 1 day after delivery. It is characterized by deep yellow stickiness, less water content than regular milk, more dry matter, high milk fat and protein content, and contains vitamins, lipase, ash, antibodies, Phosphate, magnesium salts, etc., milk protein contains a large number of antibodies such as immunoglobulins, it is very important to enhance the health of the deer and increase the disease resistance of the deer. The magnesium in colostrum has both laxative effect and helps the deer to excrete meconium. Therefore, the deer should be allowed to eat colostrum within 2% of postpartum, and the sooner the deer eats a sufficient amount of colostrum, the immunization in the blood should be done. The more globulin, the higher the survival rate of the deer. If deer do not eat colostrum for a long time, they will be weak and cause illness and even death. The female is usually fed once every 3 hours for 25 minutes. During the deer suckling period, the husbandry and management personnel must take care to avoid odorous substances, such as alcohol, soap, etc., to touch the deer, otherwise the female deer may refuse to feed because of its odor. If the abnormal maternal behaviors such as female deer, auntie, etc. are found, the mother must be immediately isolated. The female deer should be fed or fed artificially by other female deer who have had a gentle temper. Fostering is a reliable and effective measure to increase the survival rate of pups. In the deer group management, if the maternal deer does not have strong maternal sex, death, illness, or insufficient milk, and if the colostrum does not have colostrum for more than one hour after birth, it should be considered as a selective deterrence and lactation for the deer. The female deer, who is more than 2 days old, is supervised or artificially breast-feeding to try to make the newborn deer eat colostrum. When a deer is fostered, the selected nanny deer is placed in a small circle, and then sent to the foster deer. If the female deer does not bite and does not bite, and they come to sniff, they can be considered to receive the foster deer. Some female deer do not accept foster deers. Most of them are due to peculiar smell on the deer. At this time, the placenta solution, urine, and milk of the nanny deer can be used on the head or buttocks of the deer, and the mouth, nose, and breast of the deer can also be used. When odors are applied to the mouth, nose, and buttocks of the deer, the female deer can accept the deer that has been fostered. At the same time, it should be noted that the scent of the deer given to the deer and the nanny deer is the same. This fostering is easy to succeed. During the foster period, when the frail deer have difficulties in breast-feeding themselves, they need to manually assist breast-feeding. At the same time, the time and frequency of breast-feeding of the deer from the nanny deer should be appropriately controlled so as to ensure the amount of sucking milk for the foster deer. When a deer is born, due to weakness of the constitution or due to various reasons, it is necessary to carry out artificial nursing when no deer or other female deer is breast-feeding. Artificial nursing is mainly to use the colostrum of healthy cattle and sheep to feed directly to the deer, or to use artificial milk. Artificial milk configuration method: fresh milk 23 ml, fresh eggs 5, cod liver oil 22 ml, boiling water 3 ml, salt and glucose powder. The milk is filtered and boiled. When the temperature of the milk drops to 2, the pounded egg and cod liver oil are poured together, and the mixture is evenly mixed and covered with gauze. In order to prevent enteritis, antibiotics must also be added to the milk. When breast-feeding artificially, we will sterilize the milk into a clean bottle, cool to 5C, lift the head of the deer by hand, fix it, and then insert the pacifier into the mouth of the deer, so that the milk slowly flows in to prevent the milk from entering the trachea of ​​the deer . After being breast-fed several times, the deer can lick their own milk. At the same time, breastfeeding, but also use a wet warm cloth to wipe around the anus or deer tail to massage the deer to stimulate, promote feces discharge meconium and prevent the deer to die due to drainage problems. Artificial feeding time, frequency, and number should be based on the type of deer, newborn calf's weight, age, size, and development status to determine the amount of feeding. Normally, 5 days of feeding will be fed into colostrum, and within 5 days of feeding, milk will be fed four times daily. From 5 (days of feeding three times a day milk, 32 days of feeding twice a day milk, after 12 days of age weaned according to the development of the deer. Artificial nursing has short-term and long-term, short-term artificial breastfeeding is to make the deer to reach their own sucking The degree of breast milk; long-term artificial breastfeeding means that the deer does not obtain deer milk for the entire period of artificial feeding. During the lactation of the deer, grazing begins within half a month, and the daily grazing time depends on the development of the deer and the age of the deer grows. The deer nutrients provided by the deer have been unable to meet the needs of growth and development of the deer, but at this time, the microflora in the rumen of arowus is gradually formed, and there are requirements for feed intake and ruminants. Therefore, it should be supplemented according to the date of birth of the deer. In time, consciously supplementing and feeding on the deer, which is beneficial for improving the gastrointestinal digestive function of the deer, and effectively utilizing crude fiber during the lifetime of the deer. At the end of the 123-year-old deer, they can feed a small amount of feed with the female deer. On the 32nd, they began to look for some vegetable fodder such as green leafy leaves, vegetables, and tender foliage, and when they are about two months old, with the development of the rumen, The microflora is also gradually formed, and the rumen begins to transition to the digestive function of the adult rumen, and it is generally possible to provide early supplements to the appropriate amount of juvenile deer at the end of May, and a small feed trough should be provided in the protection column during feeding. The digested mixed concentrate, such as a mixed diet of bean cake 3, cornmeal 3, bran 32, mineral 32, vitamins, and auxin in a suitable amount, or a sorghum crushed material of a crushed osmanthus plus cooked corn, soybeans The powder mixes the concentrated material, and at the same time, it feeds some green and juicy feed and soft dry green feed.When feeding, it should be noted that the amount of concentrate feed should be appropriate, from less to more, and the green roughage should be chopped and fed. After the deer has started feeding, an additional sink is needed to ensure that the deer drink water.The number of feeds per day, 1 day of the deer 1,323 days old, 2 days of age twice a day, 2 days of age 2 times a day, 3 days of age fed three times a day. Make up The roughage can be freely eaten by the female deer.At this time, although the young deer can eat a small amount of feed, the nutritional source of the deer is still the domestication of the main deer of the deer, which is about 3 days after the deer is born. When feeding, filling, or adding water, the time for deer contact is increased. At the same time, daily decoctions, whistle, and other methods are used to train and acclimate the deer, stabilize the deer's disposition, make people deer, and gradually increase the deer, When the juvenile deer are separated, separate the middle two adjacent laps and pass it through one of the two laps, first pass the female and the female into one of the laps, then place the female deer in another lap and leave the deer. The female deer can be left behind in a deer circle. After 2 days, it is separated twice a day, twice in the morning and afternoon. The time of separation is 12 hours at the beginning. After that, it is gradually extended. After noon and evening, it will be opened and let the mother move freely. China Agricultural Network Editor
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