Selection of tree blanks Regardless of the type of tree species selected as a stump bonsai material, the first screening of blanks should be carried out. The selection of tree blanks comes from two aspects, namely, the extraction of wild tree stems and the cultivation of saplings, because our requirements for tree stumps are mainly quaint and simple. Therefore, we should generally choose a long tree age, a beautiful shape, and natural growth. A certain shape plasticity of the tree, if only by artificial planting from small to selected as material, and then processing, the molding time is long, slow molding, so most of the bonsai workers in the wild nature to extract wild material processing. In the process of excavating wild trees, they must be long-lived and grow vigorously. The shape itself is generally quaint, twisty and twisty, and the billets with hanging roots and claws are good. At the same time, it must be noted that the process of excavation should be determined according to the growth characteristics of specific billets. Excavation time. We believe that trees should be excavated after they have entered dormancy. For example, in the early winter and early spring, it is necessary to pay attention to the protection of the tree from freezing in winter so that it will not survive in the coming year. In the spring, when the trees are sprouting, the excavation will be better, and it will be possible to avoid freezing. Increase the difficulty of maintenance and management, but also determine their skills to stay. Of course, due to the vast territory of our country and the large differences in climate, it should be determined according to the climate characteristics of various regions. Due to the fact that the trees extracted from mountains and trees are generally of a relatively long age, the main purpose of the excavation process is to ensure its survival. For example, when excavating, the main root or lateral roots, the interception of fibrous roots, and the interception of excess branches can be determined depending on the species. It is usually necessary to retain a portion of the main shape of the trunk, and cut it short to make it sprout. Consider the future shape of the tree according to the specific conditions of the tree, but pay attention to when you cut the tree species that have weaker germination power, you should leave some more skills and the excavation can The root zone is soiled with soil as much as possible. If it is impossible to carry soil, the root of the muddy soil is tied up with strawgrass or baskets and pods, and moss is used to protect the tree blank from excessive water loss during transportation. Generally speaking, it is better to keep the trees in the ground and keep them in the ground. After they are alive, they will be styling roots year after year. At the same time, they should pay attention to watering, spraying and draining water in time when dry days and flood days are needed to prevent water loss or flooding and cause root and dry rot. Therefore, when it is buried deeply, it is best to mention the building and building the earthworms. Of course, pests and diseases should also be checked and prevented. The tree that has been cultivated since childhood can be found in its trunk. When the branches grow to a certain degree, they can be sawed again, and the roots can be exposed. After processing, they can be planted in the pots. However, the soil nutrients in the pots must keep up. In order to make the sprouts grow quickly, they can also be planted on the ground. However, according to the shape of pruning, diligence. The modeling of the blank shape of the blank must be based on the material concept, material shape, especially the shape of the natural stump, and the regular stump modeling method cannot be applied to the dead set. The processing methods of the tree blanks are roughly divided into two kinds: the smashing method and the pruning method. The pruning method is generally performed after the basic shape of the pruning method, and there are flat scissors, optional scissors and the like. But there are also purely pruning methods for modeling, such as Lingnan style bonsai modeling is the use of purely pruned "traps and cuts dry" method. This is influenced by the shape of "chicken claws" and "antler branches" in Chinese painting techniques. "Plumbing" refers to the technique of raising stocks after selecting skills, including the part and root system that will become trunks in the future. Refers to truncated or cut off trunks, branches, and roots that do not meet the modeling requirements. It is applied to the entire process of cultivating Lingnan bonsai. After the excavation, the tree blanks are cut to length according to the length of the modeling requirements, and the roots are cut and truncated. After the technique has been selected, the orientation of the leading technique is corrected, and when the size is adjusted to the coarseness and fineness, the length, the length, the thickness, and the fineness of the modeling requirements are cut in time, then the new technique is germinated and the cutting is repeated again. Alternately, cut branches until the "antler" and "chicken feet" are shaped. The pruning methods of some other bonsai schools in China are “re-barrage light cut†or “light barrage heavy cut†or “double barrage heavy cutâ€. The broadcast method of broadcasting is the use of brown silk or wire to shape the stumps. Brown silk is a traditional bonsai tree stump modeling method, the trunk or branches are generally made into a semi-circular curved, repeated or change the shape, this curve is called "Chinese style". In the Chuanpai stump bonsai model, the operation of the brown silk is tying, turning, stealing silk, leaving knots and so on. Tie wire is divided into back, around, hoop, etc.; turning wire is divided into single-flip, single-flip, double-flip, double-flip, double-flip; stolen wire is divided into hanging stolen, hanging stolen. Stealing, stealing, stolen, etc.; knots are divided into slip knots, knots, knots, knots, knots, etc.; bends are half bent, Crescent bend, an inch three bends, meters bends and so on. Trunk correction method is to use wire or wire to twist the tree. This method is simple, easy to bend and stretch, but it is troublesome to remove, generally use lead wire, copper wire price is higher. The thickness of the wire is determined according to the thickness of the trunk and branches, and wires 14 to 20 are more commonly used. When licking, one end of the wire is first fixed at the base or intersection of the branches, and then it is wrapped around the bark. Twisted branches (dry) edge winding, or left or right, wire and trunk (branch) at a 45 degree angle. The force should be even to prevent sprains on the formation layer and bark of the trunk (branch). If it is easy to peel off the tree or rough, it can be wrapped with hemp, brown skin and other branches and then wrapped. Irrespective of the twisting of brown silk or wire, it is sometimes possible to open the trunk longitudinally or laterally to make it easier to bend when the trunk is relatively thick and does not bend easily. Longitudinal openings include the Longli method and the hob method, while the horizontal ones have the single incision method or the continuous incision method; the Chuan faction of the stump model generally uses the “bending method†for the tree stumps. In order to increase the artistic value and appreciation of the stump bonsai, the tiki method should be rooted in the roots of the tree. The roots of the tree roots should reveal a strong, stable root on the surface of the pots, giving people an ancient aesthetic. artistic conception. Tipping is usually done with deep pots and high soils; deep pots and flat waters; barrels, baskets, or sand and bacon. The method of planting roots in deep pots and tall roots is stumps planted in pots and piled in the roots of the soil to make the base of the stump higher than the pot but not exposed until the stump is planted. After each year, the bamboo sticks are used to ram the soil from top to bottom, and the roots are finally shaped and then poured into shallow basins. The deep-water potting method is used to deeply plant the stump in the pot. When it is alive, it is conscious that when the water is flushed each time, the water flow is slightly stronger and the root of the tree is gradually exposed, and then the pot is turned over again. Thick roots can be exposed. The method of bacon, basket sand or sand batting means that the stump is surrounded by bottomless baskets or bottomless baskets, packed in river sand or sand pebbles, and often filled with water and fertilizer in barrels and baskets until the stumps When the roots survived deep into the sand, the gravel was gradually removed several times from top to bottom each time it was separated by six months or one year. After removing the barrel basket, the roots were exposed and the appropriate pots were implanted. In addition, the roots can be directly buried in the ground to raise the earth, and the roots are gradually exposed. In order to make the stump appear as a state of cypresses that has been exposed to thunder and wind in nature, the carving method can be used to artificially cut the trunk and even to open the trunk. In the creation of tree stumps and bonsais, as the excavation of nature tree stumps is becoming increasingly difficult, and the old tree stumps are even more scarce. Therefore, people often choose the stout materials for processing in the trees they cultivated. These trees are short-lived and are not in nature. The weather of the Zhongjing calendar must be treated in an old state. This type of treatment is mostly used for bonsai trees, such as pine and cypress, which grow more slowly. For example, the treatment of the shrine and relic is an example. For example, a coniferous tree stump is sculpted with a tool according to the idea to dry the upper part of the bark, and the water line is twisted and twisted to remove the woody texture of the trunk, and then coated with lime sulfur or a preservative. To avoid the disease, it becomes a vigorous tree root after conservation, and the pots equipped with stumps and bonsais should be equipped according to the stylistic features of the stumps. In the size, depth, style, color, texture must be coordinated. From the choice of pot size, if the pot is too large, the pot becomes empty and the trees look dwarf. At the same time, if too much soil contains too much water, it will cause too much oxygen in the root to rot or grow. If the basin is too small, it will make the bonsai appear top-heavy, lack of stability, and cause lack of moisture, nutrients, affecting plant growth. In general, dwarf trees, the plant area when the pot should be smaller than the crown area; pot length is greater than the height of the trunk; and high-rise trees, potting area used in orphan planting must be greater than the canopy; The length of the pot may be less than the height of the trunk; the bonsai of the stump combination type, the pot length must be larger, and there must be space for the set combination. The depth of the basin also affects the growth of the stump and the beauty of the landscape. If the basin is too deep, the landscape of the tree stump may become dwarfed; if the basin is too shallow, it will make the trunk stout and the stump of the lush plate top-heavy, giving people a sense of instability, and relatively speaking, nutrient content and moisture. Content is less, it is difficult to plant. The shape of the stump is also an important factor in the selection of pots, such as the vertical type should be selected deeper pots, especially the rule of bonsai is even more so. Diagonal dry, lying dry type optional moderate depth of the basin, the cliff-type stump can only choose according to the degree of suspended Shen Qian Qian or deep 1000 simple basin. Tree and stone bonsai group should use shallow basins to facilitate the treatment of water and stone. At the same time, the shape of the pot should also be changed. If the tree is twisted and twisted, the round pot or elliptical pot can be selected. If the trees are vigorous and powerful, they can choose to have a clear edged pot; the decorative lines on the pots should not be too much. If it is too fancy, it will affect the beautiful display of the stump itself. The shade should also be determined by the specific tree stumps, such as gold marbles, dark brown trunks, dark green leaves, and lighter zirconia pots or earthenware pots; lighter yellow trunks and green leaves in June should be deep. The color basin is good. The stumps of the bonsai are matched with the accessories and trees commonly used in the stump bonsai. This is a unique landscaping technique for the bonsai art in China. In a pot of pine and cypress bonsai, arranging some rocks will make the tree of surplus feet show a towering trend. In the cliff-like bonsai, the sharp peaks are placed in the rhizosphere, as if the trees were growing on the precipice. Bonsai bonsai dotted with stones, adds poetic and natural fun. Pine bonsai with stone and bamboo bonsai is a set of contrast and contrast. The distribution of stone can be divided into natural style and garden style. The natural style matching stone imitates the natural cooperation between the wild trees and the strange peaks and rocks. The garden-like distribution of stone is to imitate the arrangement of artificially arranged trees in the garden. Accessories are small ceramic or stone models such as kiosks, tables, buildings, cabinets, animals and people. After adding accessories to the bonsai tree, you can add a touch of life. When applying accessories, pay attention to the natural environment and interest, pay attention to the distance, size, and color reconciliation. The accessories are usually placed on the soil or on the stone of the bonsai. Temporary decoration treatment for furnishings or exhibitions is generally not to place accessories in peacetime so as not to affect the management of watering and fertilizing trees.
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