(1) Antibiotics Commonly used antibiotics include penicillin, streptomycin, oxytetracycline, chloramphenicol, cystatin, and gentamicin. Penicillin is mainly effective against gram-positive and gram-negative cocci and some gram-positive bacilli; streptomycin is mainly effective against Gram-negative bacteria and Mycobacterium tuberculosis; terramycin, chloramphenicol, and coleomycin are broad-spectrum antibiotics. . Generally invalid for viruses. Penicillin has strong antibacterial activity and bactericidal action. The first choice for clinical treatment of anthrax, streptococcus, laryngitis, bronchitis, bronchial pneumonia, mastitis, wound infections. There are many types of penicillin preparations, the potassium salt and sodium salt of penicillin are commonly used. Therapeutic use: Intramuscular injection 200,800,000 units, 2 times a day for 3-5 days. Should not be used with tetracycline, kanamycin, gentamicin, sulfa drugs. Streptomycin: A commonly used preparation is streptomycin sulfate injection. Oral treatment of diarrhea in lambs, intramuscular injection can treat anthrax, mastitis, lamb pneumonia and brucellosis, urinary tract infections. Therapeutic dosage: 0.2-0.5 g oral lambs, adult goats 500000-100 million units, 2 times a day for 3 days. Tylosin: It has a strong effect on Mycoplasma and can treat sheep contagious pleuropneumonia. Therapeutic dosage: intramuscular injection of 5-10 mg, (kg body weight/time); oral dose of 100 mg, (kg body weight/time), once a day for 3 days. Erythromycin: The scope of antibacterial is similar to that of penicillin. It is a kind of antibiotic with a slightly wider antibacterial range. The use of penicillin in clinical treatment of respiratory infections can be used when this product is ineffective, and it is also effective for urinary tract infections, sheep contagious pleuropneumonia and severe sepsis. Powder injections are mainly used for intramuscular injection and intravenous injection. Intravenous injection of 0.1-0.3 grams per sheep, intramuscular injection of 0.2-0.6 grams, 2 times a day. Chloramphenicol: A synthetic antibiotic with a broad spectrum of antibiotics. Gram-negative bacteria slightly stronger than streptomycin; Gram-positive bacteria weaker. The first clinical treatment of lamb diarrhea, bacterial enteritis; can also be used to treat respiratory tract, urinary tract infections, mastitis and so on. Powder for oral administration, lambs per 0.25 grams, 3 or 4 times daily. Chloramphenicol injections are available for intramuscular injection and intravenous injection. Each sheep uses 10-30 ml per kilogram of body weight and should be diluted for intravenous injection. Gentamicin: Clinically, it can be used for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by gram-negative bacteria and treatment of respiratory tract, digestive tract, urinary tract infections and sepsis. Gentamicin Sulfate Injection is commonly used intramuscularly, at a rate of 1-1.5 mg/kg body weight, 3 or 4 times daily. Tablets for oral administration of lamb daily 15 mg per kilogram body weight, 3 or 4 times a day. (2) Sulfonamides and furans Sulfonamides are artificially synthesized antibiotics that are difficult to dissolve in water and are mostly available for oral administration. The sodium salts are available for injection. Sulfa drugs have inhibitory effects on most Gram-positive bacteria and some Gram-negative bacteria. Commonly used in the clinic are: sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, sulfathiazole, sulfamethoxazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfa-6-methoxypyrimidine, etc., are mainly used for systemic infections; sulfaguanidine is mainly used in gastrointestinal infections; Sulfamethoxazole and sulfabenzylamine are mainly used for spreading wound infections. The first dose was twice as large as the maintenance dose. When using sulfa drugs, the diseased sheep should be given more water to reduce the side effects on the urinary tract. Sulfathiazole: also known as Xiao Zhi Long. Strong antibacterial effect, many side effects, fast absorption, rapid excretion, short duration in the body, can be administered 3 times a day, suitable for systemic infection treatment, tablets, powders, internal dose, 0.2 g/kg body weight for the first time, maintenance 0.1 g/kg body weight. A 10% 20% sodium sulfathiazole injection was given for intramuscular and intravenous injections, 0.1 mg/kg body weight. Sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, and sulfamethazine have similar effects. Daily administration 1 or 2 times. Tablets, powders were taken orally, 0.1 g/kg body weight for the first time, and 70 g/kg body weight for maintenance. Its 20-25 sodium salt injection is available for intramuscular and intravenous injections, 20 mg/kg body weight. Sulfamonomethoxine; also known as major anti-bacterial sulfonylurea for a variety of susceptible strains caused by systemic or local infection. Tablets were taken orally for the first time at a dose of 0.1 g/kg body weight, 0.1 mg/kg body weight, 2 or 3 times daily. Sulfamethoxazole: also known as long-acting sulfamethoxazole is suitable for systemic infections. It has a long duration of action in vivo and can be administered 3 times daily. Oral dose 0.1 g/kg body weight for the first time, maintenance dose 5 mg/kg body weight 3 times a day; injection for injection, 5 mg/kg body weight 3 times a day. Sulfamonomethoxine is also known as anti-inflammatory sulfonamide. Oral absorption is rapid and complete, suitable for respiratory, urinary, reproductive and skin infections. Combined with trimethoprim can improve the efficacy. Tablets were taken orally for the first time at a dose of 0.1 g/kg body weight and a maintenance dose of 70 mg/kg body weight 5 times a day. Syndrome for intramuscular injection, 70 mg/kg body weight, 2 or 3 times daily. Sulfamethoxime: also known as Ke Luding. Generally used as a treatment for intestinal infections. Take 20-30 g/kg body weight daily, taken in 2 or 3 doses. Sulfonamide: also known as ampicillin. It is mainly used clinically for topical and wound infections. The preparation is a sulfanilamide powder for external anti-inflammatory powder, which is specially used for wound spreading. Sulfa benzylamine: also known as methamphetamine pus. Suitable for wound infection and burn wounds Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Formulations have powders for spreading; ointments for coating; solutions for wet application. Trimethoprim: It is an antibacterial synergist. Combined with sulfa drugs can increase the antibacterial efficacy of sulfa drugs several times to dozens of times, it is also called antibacterial synergist. Sulfa drugs, tetracyclines, gentamicin can be used in the treatment of respiratory tract, urinary tract, digestive tract infections, sepsis, mastitis, trauma, and postoperative infections. When used in combination with sulfa drugs, the ratio of trimethoprim 3 parts and sulfa drugs 2 parts is generally used. Tablets are for internal use and injections are for intramuscular injection. The dosage is 2 mg/kg body weight, 2 or 3 times a day. Furan drugs: It is a synthetic antibacterial drug. Commonly used are: 1. Furacillin. Oral administration of intestinal infection 7-20 mg per kilogram body weight per day, taken in 2 or 3 times; 2. Furazolidone (also called furazolidone). Oral administration of intestinal infection, daily 5-10 mg per kilogram of body weight, taken in 2 or 3 times; 3. Nitrofurantoin. Commonly used in urinary tract infections, oral administration of 12-15 mg per kilogram of body weight, taken in 2 or 3 times. China Agricultural Network Editor
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