According to the standardization of production in recent years, the State has issued the "Food Hygiene Law," "The Animal Epidemic Prevention Law," "Regulations on the Administration of Feed and Feed Additives," and "China's Pork Quality Decline, National Pork Export Difficulty, and People Selling Pigs." Veterinary Drugs Regulations. In particular, since last year's accession to the WTO, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China issued the "Safety Requirements for Pollution-free Livestock and Poultry Meat" standard and the "Environmental Requirements for Pollution-free Livestock, Poultry and Meat Production Areas" standard in August last year. At the same time, the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China promulgated the national agricultural industry standard, "Non-Hazardous Foods," which relates to the aquaculture industry: "Drinking Water Quality" Standard, "Water Quality of Livestock and Poultry Products Processing Water" Standard, and "Guidelines for the Use of Livestock Hog veterinary Drugs" Guidelines for veterinary epidemic prevention of live pigs, Guidelines for the use of live feed for pigs, Guidelines for the management of live pigs, and Pork for non-pollution foods specify physical and chemical indicators for unpolluted pork, including thawing water loss rates. Volatile Base Nitrogen, Arsenic, Mercury, Copper, Lead, Chromium, Cadmium, Fluoride, Nitrite, BHC, DDT, Phosphorus, Trichlorfon, Dichlorvos, Chloramphenicol Not Detected, and Karen Hydrochloride Troy can not be detected; antibiotics and sulfonamides are: enrofloxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, penicillin, streptomycin, tylosin, clopidol, olaquindox, sulfonamides, ethenestrol The total number of microbial indicators, coliforms, Salmonella can not be detected, the state to the pollution-free pork production into the legal track, the implementation of standardized operations, there are laws to follow. Use of Feed Additives Allowed by the State As early as the beginning of 1989, the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China has published the “Regulations on the Types and Use of Feed Additivesâ€, and last year released the “Specifications on the Use of Feed Additivesâ€, which stipulates the types of feed additive drugs currently allowed for use. Premixes: dinitramide, maduramycin ammonium, nicarbazin, ethoxylated benzoin, narasin, lsaloxetine, fluoxetine, chlorpheniramine hydrochloride, ammonia hydrochloride Propidium, sulfaquinoxaline, clopidol, hainanmycin sodium, sedunorubicin sodium, diclazuril, compound sodium phenoxyphenate, aminopyrallamic acid, rosatroside, monensin sodium, bacilli Peptides zinc, flavomycin, virginiamycin, olaquindox, nosiheptide, amelomycin, salinomycin sodium, colistin sulfate, oregano oil, Bacitracin zinc, colistin sulfate, guitar There were a total of 33 premixes of rammycin, oxytetracycline calcium, chlortetracycline and enramycin. For the production of feeds containing ingredients listed above, the name, content, application scope, withdrawal period and precautions of the contained veterinary drug ingredients must be indicated on the product label. The Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China also approved the use of animal diseases for the prevention and treatment of diseases, and it only provides for the treatment of feed additives through mixed feeding. There are premixes: sulfaquinoxaline, dimethoprim, vitexomycin A, and hygromycin B, Dimetidazole, tylosin phosphate, threonine thiamine, lincomycin hydrochloride, sedicamycin, ivermectin, sodium fenbutenate, tiamulin fumarate, Cyromazine, fluanizole, compound sulfadiazine, spectinomycin sulfate, neomycin sulfate, tilmicosin phosphate, tylosin phosphate, sulfamethazine, thiamphenicol, norfloxacin , Berberine hydrochloride, Vitamin C phosphate ester, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, oxolinic acid powder, sulfachloropyrazine sodium soluble powder a total of 24 kinds of premix. When a pig farm needs to use the above drugs, it must be purchased and used by a veterinarian. The Ministry of Agriculture also stipulates that veterinary APIs must not be used directly in feed, and must be made into premixes before they can be added to feeds. Except for the feed additives listed above and the feed additives approved by the Ministry of Agriculture for use in feeds, any other veterinary drugs may not be added to the feed. Use non-polluted veterinary drugs to prevent and cure diseases, implement the principle of "prevention first", strengthen feeding management, enhance physical fitness, reduce stress, and improve immunity. In strict accordance with the provisions of the "Animal Epidemic Prevention Law" of the State to prevent the death and death of pigs. Correct misuse, abuse, and overdose. On the basis of a definite diagnosis, the right medicine should be used according to the prescription and dosage of the drug product manual. Use caution adrenaline drugs, antiasthmatic drugs, anticholinergic drugs, adrenocortical hormone drugs and antipyretic analgesics. Try not to use antibiotics and iodomines as little or as little as possible. The use of counterfeit veterinary drugs, anesthetics, central stimulants, analgesics, sedatives, chemical buoyancy drugs, skeletal muscle relaxants, veterinary drugs that have not been genetically engineered and approved by the National Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Authority and the approval of the Ministry of Agriculture are prohibited. Or has announced the elimination of veterinary drugs, the future use of veterinary drugs used to prevent poultry diseases must be from the "veterinary drug production license" and product approval number of the company, or have "imported veterinary drug license" supplier. Product labels should indicate the drug name, active ingredient, dosage, usage, production date, and expiration date. Where medicines are prohibited from being used, used prudently, or controlled, they may be replaced by traditional Chinese medicines. Observe the "restriction period" provisions. "Ten drugs and nine poisons." The long-term continuous use of "Western medicine" is not only prone to drug resistance, but also more likely to cause accumulation of poisoning. The National Agricultural Ministry issued the "Non-Hazardous Foods - Guidelines for the Use of Feeding Veterinary Drugs for Pigs", the anti-parasitic drugs Astragaloside 15 and the 66 antibiotics such as ampicillin sodium, which strictly regulate the usage and dosage and 2 to 45 days. Withdrawal period. Develop herbal preparations. It has the unique advantages of wide drug source, long drug effect, high efficacy, low price, no pollution, no drug residue, no drug resistance, safety and reliability, and small toxic and side effects. All feeds fed on pollution-free feeds for pollution-free pigs should be non-toxic and non-hazardous, so that pollution from unpolluted pork can be controlled from the source. China's newly promulgated Feed Hygiene Standard specifies arsenic, lead, fluorine, chromium, mercury, cadmium, cyanide, nitrite, free gossypol, isothiocyanate, and oxazolidine in feed and feed additive products. The thione, 666, DDT, mold, aflatoxin B1, Salmonella can not be detected and the total number of bacteria per gram of fish meal and other indicators. Livestock and poultry should be fed strictly in accordance with this standard. At the same time, pig farms and households should strengthen the inspection and monitoring of the quality of self-produced feed ingredients, and feed all kinds of fine, crude, and green fodder contaminated by mildew and highly toxic pesticides. In addition, open up new types of green safe feed and feed additives. Pig farms and households should plant high-quality and high-yield Rumex, Schizophyllum, grasshoppers, grain pods, and close-growing sweet potatoes. Green grass feed and purslane and other wild grasses are rich in nutrition, good in palatability, like to eat, are willing to be eaten, are cheap, and are slaughtered early. In the future, in the use of feed additives, microbial preparations, enzyme preparations, acid preparations, Chinese herbal preparations, and non-polluted preparations extracted from natural plants that have been approved by the national animal husbandry department should be used. Among the trace elements, copper has been strictly limited, that is, the amount of copper contained in the compound feed per kilogram, and not more than 250 milligrams per kilogram of the pig's body weight; 30 to 60 kilograms no more than 150 milligrams; 60 ~ 100 kg must not be higher than 25 mg. The water should also be taken periodically according to the standard and sent to the relevant departments for microbiological and water quality inspections. It must adhere to bleaching powder, potassium permanganate, 100-toxin-killer, and Weidao-based disinfectants throughout the year to achieve the national pollution-free foods. The standards for "Drinking Water Quality of Livestock and Poultry" and the "Water Quality of Livestock and Poultry Products Processing" standard. Water quality, turbidity, total hardness, pH, total dissolved solids, chlorides, sulfates, total bacterial count in bacteriological indicators, fluoride in toxicological indicators, water quality sensory traits and general chemical indicators. Cyanide, total arsenic, total mercury, lead, chromium, cadmium, nitrate, etc. shall not exceed the standard value, and must not have malodor, odor, visible substances and pesticides malathion, phosphorus uptake, methyl Parathion, dimethoate, lindane, chlorothalonil, and naphthalene 2,4-D ensure that the water quality complies with the hygiene requirements of the Standard. The pigs used duck-billed drinking fountains for water supply to keep the water clean and hygienic, and prohibited drinking lakes, rivers and ponds to pollute dirty water and untreated industrial waste water. Slaughter plants and product processing plants that slaughter pollution-free pigs, production water during slaughter and processing, cooling water in the plant, and equipment for disinfecting and flushing water, slaughtered and processed into carcass or production water for preliminary separation in a specific slaughterhouse. The added water and washing water processed into Finished Products or semi-finished products shall meet the water quality indicators and sanitary requirements for slaughtering and processing water. What kind of pigs are the best for the family? Recently, Liu Dianjun, a farmer from Wanbao Township, Daoli District, Harbin City, came up with a letter and asked what kind of pigs the family raised. After we had solicited comments from aquaculture experts, we responded here and hoped to inspire other pig farmers. At present, family pig raising is still an important income-generating route for most of the farmers in our province, and it is also a relatively reliable way for a small number of specialized breeding households to get rich first. We believe that the key to raising money for the family pigs is to start from reality and choose the breed of pig that is suitable for their own husbandry. First, the family free-range is suitable for breeding local pigs. Native pigs in various parts of China are generally resistant to roughage, hunger-resistant, tolerant to harsh environments, suitable for local climate, good cold and heat resistance, and are not susceptible to disease. Rice milled byproducts such as rice bran, glutinous rice, abandoned meals, and field-grown wild herbs can be used to feed live pigs. If farmers can use these substances, and then put some amount of agricultural and sideline products such as corn and wheat bran, the cost of raising pigs is still relatively low. If it is only scattered pigs, it is best not to keep lean pigs. Because lean-type pigs can only rely on eating feeds rich in protein in order to grow lean meat, but also require a complete range of amino acids, vitamins, trace elements in feed, ample quantities. The farmer's roughage can not meet this standard, especially the serious shortage of protein content, so feeding lean-type pigs is not suitable for farmers in free-range mode. Second, large-scale pigs must feed lean-type pigs. Lean pigs have a fast growth rate and a high feed conversion rate. If they are fed with compound feeds, the lean-type pigs have the fastest growth rate of 0.75 kg per day. If self-cultivation is adopted, piglets can be slaughtered after 160 days of birth. The selling price is about RMB 1 per kilogram higher than that of local pigs, and the net profit is 200 to 300 yuan per head. Large-scale swine breeding should not be used to breed local native-breeding pigs because local indigenous breeder pigs have slow growth rate, low feed conversion ratio, low selling price, and the long running cycle of local farm-breeding pigs, resulting in low production profits and even losses. Special attention should be paid to the feeding of lean-type pigs: It is necessary to raise standard lean-type pigs, which are commonly referred to as "three-way crossbred pigs." The "three-way hybrid pig" is a fine variety that has been bred through repeated crosses from lean-type pigs imported from three foreign countries. Farmers need to import from the nationally recognized original breeding farms, and do not introduce "pure pigs" from the market. China Agricultural Network Editor
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