1. Pond environmental conditions
1.1 The pond condition and soil pond area is 1334 square meters-6667 square meters, the average water depth is 1-2 meters, the width of the pond is 1.5-2.5 meters, the flat bottom of the pond is less silt, the pond is solid and does not leak water, drainage and irrigation are convenient, the soil of the pond Environmental quality meets pollution-free production requirements.
1.2 Water quality of raw water The production of California catfish requires sufficient water source, no industrial, agricultural and domestic pollution, especially to avoid the sewage of chemical, printing, dyeing, pharmaceutical, zinc coating and other manufacturers entering the aquaculture waters, and the water quality meets the requirements of NY5051 of the Ministry of Agriculture. During the aquaculture process, try to keep good water quality in the pond, reduce the discharge of the aquaculture pond water to the river, and avoid the pollution of the breeding itself.
1.3 Clearing and disinfecting the pond To remove excess silt in the pond and expose it to sunlight in the winter. One month before the fish species are stocked, use 50-75 kg of quick lime per 667 sq.m. area. Sprinkle the whole pond after mashing to improve the quality of pond sediment. And kill germs.
2. Breeding mode
2.1 Monoculture mode
2.1.1 California catfish stocking requires healthy and disease-free, neat specifications, there are two types of stocking specifications, one is a winter fish species, stocking time in February-March, stocking 1000-1200 per 667 square meters area In the breeding process, fish that reach the commercial specifications will be sold one after another. The second is the summer fish species, stocking time from June to July, stocking 1200-1500 tails per 667 square meters area, breeding to the end of the year will have reached the size of the fish for sale, the remaining stocking as a large-scale fish species for the following year. In order to make full use of the ponds, farmers can adopt the second-quarter breeding method, that is, stocking large-sized fingerlings at the beginning of the year, raising them to be sold in July-August, restocking the fish species that were bred in that year, and raising them to the end of the year to cultivate commercial fish and fish species. .
2.1.2 For oysters and breams, stocking ponds are used for rearing oysters and bream species. Each 667 square meters of area is stocked with 100 species of first-year bream and 50 species of bream, with specifications of 20-30 per kilogram.
2.2 Fish and crab polyculture mode
2.2.1 California salmon rearing, such as stocking a winter fish fingerling, will be released in March-March, and stocking 1,000-1200 fish per 667 square meters. Such as the stocking of summer fish species, stocking time from June to July, stocking 1200-1500 tails per 667 square meters area.
2.2.2 The stocking time of river crab species is from the end of February to the beginning of April. The water temperature is 4-10°C. There are 300 one-year-old crab species in an area of ​​667 square meters, and the specifications are 120-200 pieces per kilogram. The specifications are neat, and no dead ends are required. No spots.
2.2.3 For each species of 667 square meters, larvae and sturgeon species are stocked with 100 tails of larvae and 50 species of squid, with specifications of 20-30 tails per kg.
2.2.4 Stocking water on the water surface of ponds and ponds, and planting bittergrass or black algae at the bottom of the pond. The time ranges from March to May. The area of ​​aquatic plants is 5% to 10% of the pond area. Excess plants should be removed in time.
2.2.5 Anti-escape facilities Surrounding the pond with aluminum skin, thickened film or calcium plastic plate, buried 20-30 centimeters in the soil, 50 centimeters above the surface of the mound, and supported every 50 centimeters with wooden stakes or bamboo piles. Rounded out, a 1.2-meter embankment was set aside in the anti-escape facilities. The outside of the pond was surrounded by thong mesh and was 1 meter high.
3. Feeding management
3.1 Types of feed Most of the feeds fed by aquaculture use frozen mixed fish, mixed feed, livestock and poultry waste, etc. The quality of formulated feed should meet the requirements of the Department of Agriculture NY5072.
3.2 Domestication of Californian squid, such as pond stocking. When breeding fish species at the same year, polyethylene net nets were used to form a holding area accounting for 10% to 20% of the total area of ​​the pond. Fish slurry was fed first for domestication, and as the fish body grew, Can slowly feed chilled fish, the size of the fish should be palatable. After 20 days of stocking, the vast majority of fish have been able to eat. At this time, in conjunction with the demolition of the seine nets, the fish species are screened once and the fish species that are too large or too small are removed, so that the specifications of the fish species that are stocked in the same pond are neat.
3.3 Feeding methods Feeding management does not feed bait fish that have been spoiled or that have developed disease. Bait fish do not contain toxic and hazardous substances. Feeding twice a day, 8am-9pm, 4pm-5pm, daily feed is 5%-8% of fish's body weight. Feeding feed must be flexibly controlled according to water quality, weather, and eating conditions. Adjust and adjust once a week. Every half-month to January, add fresh fish that has not been frozen, or add complex vitamins and vitamin C to chilled fish.
4. Water Quality Management
4.1 Water Quality Requirements Aquaculture ponds require fresh and thin water, rich dissolved oxygen, transparency controlled at 30 cm or more, pond water depth 0.8-1.2 m in the early stage, and 1.5 m-2 m in the middle and later stages, especially in the hot season. The water level.
4.2 Water Quality Regulation Ponds change water quality every 10-15 days depending on the water quality. Each change of water volume is about one third. The pond should be equipped with aeration equipment to increase oxygen in time.
Application of complex biological agents to ponds can improve water quality and prevent the occurrence of diseases, once every 10-15 days.
5. Disease prevention and control
5.1 Disease prevention is mainly based on ecological disease prevention, supplemented by drug prevention, and the disinfectant is regularly applied to ponds.
5.2 Drug Requirements In the prevention and control of diseases, fishery drugs should be applied according to the requirements of NY5071 of the Ministry of Agriculture, and dopamine and pyrethroid drugs that are sensitive to California catfish and river crab should not be used.
5.3 California clams, clams, and sturgeons are sterilized with 3%-5% saline or 15 mg/L-20 mg/L potassium permanganate for 15 minutes and placed in a pond.
5.4 Treatment of diseased salmon or crabs found in the treatment of diseases immediately diagnosed and treated. The main symptoms of common diseases and treatment methods are shown in the attached table.
6. Most catches are caught using nets and the remaining fish ponds are caught.
1.1 The pond condition and soil pond area is 1334 square meters-6667 square meters, the average water depth is 1-2 meters, the width of the pond is 1.5-2.5 meters, the flat bottom of the pond is less silt, the pond is solid and does not leak water, drainage and irrigation are convenient, the soil of the pond Environmental quality meets pollution-free production requirements.
1.2 Water quality of raw water The production of California catfish requires sufficient water source, no industrial, agricultural and domestic pollution, especially to avoid the sewage of chemical, printing, dyeing, pharmaceutical, zinc coating and other manufacturers entering the aquaculture waters, and the water quality meets the requirements of NY5051 of the Ministry of Agriculture. During the aquaculture process, try to keep good water quality in the pond, reduce the discharge of the aquaculture pond water to the river, and avoid the pollution of the breeding itself.
1.3 Clearing and disinfecting the pond To remove excess silt in the pond and expose it to sunlight in the winter. One month before the fish species are stocked, use 50-75 kg of quick lime per 667 sq.m. area. Sprinkle the whole pond after mashing to improve the quality of pond sediment. And kill germs.
2. Breeding mode
2.1 Monoculture mode
2.1.1 California catfish stocking requires healthy and disease-free, neat specifications, there are two types of stocking specifications, one is a winter fish species, stocking time in February-March, stocking 1000-1200 per 667 square meters area In the breeding process, fish that reach the commercial specifications will be sold one after another. The second is the summer fish species, stocking time from June to July, stocking 1200-1500 tails per 667 square meters area, breeding to the end of the year will have reached the size of the fish for sale, the remaining stocking as a large-scale fish species for the following year. In order to make full use of the ponds, farmers can adopt the second-quarter breeding method, that is, stocking large-sized fingerlings at the beginning of the year, raising them to be sold in July-August, restocking the fish species that were bred in that year, and raising them to the end of the year to cultivate commercial fish and fish species. .
2.1.2 For oysters and breams, stocking ponds are used for rearing oysters and bream species. Each 667 square meters of area is stocked with 100 species of first-year bream and 50 species of bream, with specifications of 20-30 per kilogram.
2.2 Fish and crab polyculture mode
2.2.1 California salmon rearing, such as stocking a winter fish fingerling, will be released in March-March, and stocking 1,000-1200 fish per 667 square meters. Such as the stocking of summer fish species, stocking time from June to July, stocking 1200-1500 tails per 667 square meters area.
2.2.2 The stocking time of river crab species is from the end of February to the beginning of April. The water temperature is 4-10°C. There are 300 one-year-old crab species in an area of ​​667 square meters, and the specifications are 120-200 pieces per kilogram. The specifications are neat, and no dead ends are required. No spots.
2.2.3 For each species of 667 square meters, larvae and sturgeon species are stocked with 100 tails of larvae and 50 species of squid, with specifications of 20-30 tails per kg.
2.2.4 Stocking water on the water surface of ponds and ponds, and planting bittergrass or black algae at the bottom of the pond. The time ranges from March to May. The area of ​​aquatic plants is 5% to 10% of the pond area. Excess plants should be removed in time.
2.2.5 Anti-escape facilities Surrounding the pond with aluminum skin, thickened film or calcium plastic plate, buried 20-30 centimeters in the soil, 50 centimeters above the surface of the mound, and supported every 50 centimeters with wooden stakes or bamboo piles. Rounded out, a 1.2-meter embankment was set aside in the anti-escape facilities. The outside of the pond was surrounded by thong mesh and was 1 meter high.
3. Feeding management
3.1 Types of feed Most of the feeds fed by aquaculture use frozen mixed fish, mixed feed, livestock and poultry waste, etc. The quality of formulated feed should meet the requirements of the Department of Agriculture NY5072.
3.2 Domestication of Californian squid, such as pond stocking. When breeding fish species at the same year, polyethylene net nets were used to form a holding area accounting for 10% to 20% of the total area of ​​the pond. Fish slurry was fed first for domestication, and as the fish body grew, Can slowly feed chilled fish, the size of the fish should be palatable. After 20 days of stocking, the vast majority of fish have been able to eat. At this time, in conjunction with the demolition of the seine nets, the fish species are screened once and the fish species that are too large or too small are removed, so that the specifications of the fish species that are stocked in the same pond are neat.
3.3 Feeding methods Feeding management does not feed bait fish that have been spoiled or that have developed disease. Bait fish do not contain toxic and hazardous substances. Feeding twice a day, 8am-9pm, 4pm-5pm, daily feed is 5%-8% of fish's body weight. Feeding feed must be flexibly controlled according to water quality, weather, and eating conditions. Adjust and adjust once a week. Every half-month to January, add fresh fish that has not been frozen, or add complex vitamins and vitamin C to chilled fish.
4. Water Quality Management
4.1 Water Quality Requirements Aquaculture ponds require fresh and thin water, rich dissolved oxygen, transparency controlled at 30 cm or more, pond water depth 0.8-1.2 m in the early stage, and 1.5 m-2 m in the middle and later stages, especially in the hot season. The water level.
4.2 Water Quality Regulation Ponds change water quality every 10-15 days depending on the water quality. Each change of water volume is about one third. The pond should be equipped with aeration equipment to increase oxygen in time.
Application of complex biological agents to ponds can improve water quality and prevent the occurrence of diseases, once every 10-15 days.
5. Disease prevention and control
5.1 Disease prevention is mainly based on ecological disease prevention, supplemented by drug prevention, and the disinfectant is regularly applied to ponds.
5.2 Drug Requirements In the prevention and control of diseases, fishery drugs should be applied according to the requirements of NY5071 of the Ministry of Agriculture, and dopamine and pyrethroid drugs that are sensitive to California catfish and river crab should not be used.
5.3 California clams, clams, and sturgeons are sterilized with 3%-5% saline or 15 mg/L-20 mg/L potassium permanganate for 15 minutes and placed in a pond.
5.4 Treatment of diseased salmon or crabs found in the treatment of diseases immediately diagnosed and treated. The main symptoms of common diseases and treatment methods are shown in the attached table.
6. Most catches are caught using nets and the remaining fish ponds are caught.
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