In recent years, with the development of the rural commodity economy, some regions have used rare vegetables as the preferred crop in the adjustment of the crop structure, and rely on the development of dilute special vegetable production to promote the development of the local economy. However, many farmers have problems with rare vegetables. Insect control is not enough to understand. This article describes the prevention and control methods of several rare vegetables and insect pests, for the use of dilute special vegetable producers. First, lettuce 1, downy mildew: (1) symptoms. The main damage leaves, first in the old leaves to produce a round or polygonal lesions, when the back of the lesion produced a layer of pigment in the wet, late lesions were yellow, and finally the whole leaves yellow withered. (2) Incidence conditions. Planted too densely, watering too much after planting, and the onset of soil moisture is serious. (3) Control methods. At the beginning of the onset, spray 40% EB aluminum wettable powder 200-500 times, or 72.2% Preclosure 800 times, or 72% cream wettable powder 700 times, spray the leaves back, once every 7-10 days. , spray 2-3 times. Sclerotinia: (1) symptoms. The disease occurs at the base of the stem of the cabbage lettuce. The diseased parts were mostly brown water-stained and decayed. When the temperature was high, the surface of the diseased part was densely covered with cotton-like white mucor, and later the rats produced fecal-like sclerotia. (2) Incidence conditions. Temperature is 20 degrees and relative humidity is higher than 85%. Humidity is less than 70% and the disease is significantly reduced. Density, poor ventilation, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, continuous crop weight. (3) Control methods. At the beginning of the disease, 50% carbendazim WP can be sprayed 500 times, or 40% sclerotin WP can be used 500 times, 7-10 days, and sprayed 2-3 times. 3, aphids: spray control can be used, but should be carried out before the heart. Prevention of leaf contamination is too late, and 40% Dimethoate EC 800-1000 can be used. 20% extermination smoke can also be used, 0.25 kg smoke per acre. 4, cabbage caterpillar: can be used 50% zinc phosphite EC 800-1000 times liquid, or 10% cypermethrin EC 2000 times spray control. Second, green cauliflower 1, black rot: (1) symptoms. Bacterial diseases cause vascular bundle necrosis and darkening. The pathogen extends from the leaf margin inward and forms a "V"-shaped yellow-brown lesion on the leaf margin. Vein necrosis in lesions became dark, and when severe, it was black mesh, and finally the leaves turned yellow and dry. (2) Incidence conditions. There are more wounds caused by high humidity, more rain, more humid air, more foliage, more leaf spit, or pests, which is conducive to invading pathogens. (3) Control methods. At the beginning of the disease, neophytin, agrochemical streptomycin 5000 times, or 30% coloammonite 350 times, or 47% Garnett WP 800 times spray. 2. Locust: Use 50% anti-inferiority WP 2000-3000 times, or 40% Confod water solvent 3000-4000 times, or 50% phoxim EC 1000-1500 times spray control. Third, Shannon 1, Toona powdery mildew: (1) symptoms. The main damage to the leaves, the surface of the diseased leaves chlorosis, yellow-white mottled shape, the back of the leaves produce white powder, causing leaves to dry, early leaves. (2) Incidence conditions. The application of nitrogen fertilizer is too much, the seedlings are crowded, the growth is weak, and the ill light is easy to cause the disease. Dry air is conducive to spore invasion. (3) Control methods. Elimination of disease leaf defoliation, reasonable irrigation, pay attention to NPK combined application. At the beginning of onset of treatment, spray 15% triadimefon 600-800 times, or 40% Fuxing 8000 times, 10-15 days, and spray 2-3 times. 2. Toona sinensis root rot: (1) symptoms. Major damage to seedlings and semi-plants. Seedlings often cause rot, wilting or tripping. Big seedlings and semi-plants were infected with rotted stem base and leaves. When wet, the diseased leaves were sparsely white mold. The cortex of stem base appeared reddish-brown at first, followed by blackish-brown water-stained irregular large spots and finally rotted. Diseases continue to develop, stem roots and rhizomes within the root tissue discoloration and necrosis, the epidermis of the disease is easy to separate and fall off with the xylem. The diseased plants grew slowly and wilted, and the entire plant withered. (2) Incidence conditions. Poor drainage in the field, excessive soil moisture, or over-fertilization, resulting in root-burning and prone to disease. (3) Control methods. Cultivation measures: During the growth period, prevent the accumulation of water in the field, avoid fertilizing roots, and avoid flooding. Chemical control: The diseased strains were removed timely and burned. At the same time, it is possible to use a 95% Duckesson WP 600 times solution or a 50% Polydoxifen WP 600 times, spray the rootstock, and if necessary, irrigate the roots. 3, dried blight of Toona sinensis: (1) symptoms. Occurred in the main trunk of saplings, the first appearance of shuttle-shaped water-stained wet rot lesions on the bark, followed by expansion, was irregular. The bark in the middle of the lesion is cracked and overflows gum. When the lesion surrounded the trunk for 1 week, the upper treetops died. (2) Control methods. In the onset, use 70% thiophanate-methyl 2000 times spray, or punch holes in the lesions, deep to the xylem, apply 10% alkaline water or zinc chloride glycerol mixture. 4, caterpillars: (1) symptoms. More in June-August. The first instar larvae eat leafy flesh and the remaining veins, and the affected leaves form a net, leaving only the petiole and main veins after the older larvae bite. (2) Control methods. With 90% trichlorfon 1000-1200 times, or 10% cypermethrin cream 2500-3000 times spray. Fourth, celery 1, celery spot blight: (1) symptoms. The main damage to the leaves, but also damage the petiole and stem. At the beginning of the onset of the disease, it was a light brown, oily, small spot that developed into a yellow-brown necrotic spot. There was a yellow halo on the edges, irregular in shape, mostly less than 5 mm, with purple-red to rust-brown, and unevenly distributed small particles. point. Petiole and stem were infected, and formed brown diamond brown necrotic spots, slightly sag, the disease Department scattered small spots, disease is serious, the surface of the dry plant lesions, a short period of time that necrosis withered. (2) Incidence conditions. The bacteria developed rapidly under cold weather, and wet and rainy conditions were conducive to disease. The optimal temperature for field disease was 20-25 degrees. During the growing season, there is more rain or a large temperature difference between day and night. During the day, the air is dry, and there is severe disease such as more condensation or heavy fog at night. (3) Control methods. Strengthen management: Take care to ventilate and vent moisture in the shed, reduce condensation at night, and prevent flooding. Chemical control: In the initial stage of disease, 40% Fuxing EC can be sprayed 8000 times, or 80% Dawei WP can be 600 times, or 70% Mancozeb WP can be 600 times, once in 7-10 days. Spray 2-3 times. 2, the virus of the parsley virus: (1) symptoms. The disease has occurred in the whole growth period of celery, with the most severe disease at seedling stage. In the early stage of disease, initial chlorotic spotted leaves appeared on the leaves, gradually developed into yellow-green mottled or yellow patches, and later turned brown with dead spots. In severe cases, the leaves are curled, shrunken, and the heart is distorted and the plant growth is inhibited and dwarfed. (2) Incidence conditions. In the field it spreads mainly through locusts. The growth of celery such as high temperature and drought, lack of water and fertilizer, serious locust occurrence, etc., the disease is serious. (3) Control methods. Strengthen field management: Rational fertilization, timely watering in high temperature season, pay attention to drought prevention and drainage, and enhance plant resistance to disease. During the growth period, we will continue to do a good job of prevention and control of locusts and reduce transmission of poisons. Chemical control: At the beginning of the disease, spray 200-300 times of antitoxic agent No. 1, or 500% of 20% virus A wettable powder, or 1000 times of 1.5% of plant disease Ling emulsion. V. Artemisia leaf blight 1. Symptoms. The disease only infects the leaves, the lesions are round or irregular, the center is light grey, and the edges are brown. When the humidity is high, black molds appear on the back surface. Later lesions contiguous, resulting in dead leaves. 2. Incidence conditions. Pathogens remain on the leaves. Humidity, leaf condensation, the disease is prone to occur. Pathogens are spread by air currents. 3, prevention measures. At the beginning of the disease, spray 40% polysulfide suspension 500 times, or 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 500 times, or 50% acetaminophen wettable powder 1500 times. Once every 5-7 days, spray 2 to 3 times. Artemisia selengensis is also vulnerable to downy mildew and virus diseases. Its disease conditions and disease conditions are similar to other vegetables. Please refer to other vegetable downy mildew and virus disease prevention and control methods for prevention and control measures. China Agricultural Network Editor
The ratio
of the extract is the extraction of concentrated raw materials such as
plant animals and extracts of the extract, flow extract or powder, the
number of raw materials before extraction and extraction of concentrated
products after the mathematical ratio.
The proportion of the extract is generally not very clear ingredients and content.
Such
as 10 kg of scutellaria extract extracted into 1 kg of powdered
products, we call the 10: 1 ratio of Scutellaria extract, the extract of
baicalin, baicalein and other important indicators there is no clear
standard.
Ratio Herbal Extract,Tongkat Ali Extract,Natural Herbal Extract,Standard Ratio Herbal Extract
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