First, the brewing of raw materials and fermentation processing. Choose high-quality, mildew-free cottonseed hulls, wheat straw, corn stalks, cotton stalks, and rice straw. According to different raw materials, crushed, rolled, cut, and other treatments are used. Preparation of various culture materials: wheat straw powder, corn stalk, cottonseed husk or cotton stalk powder, each with 29%. After mixing with 5% lime powder, add 3% of cornmeal, bean cake and phosphate fertilizer to the auxiliary materials. , Generally piled 60-80 cm high, covered with plastic film, when the temperature is low to cover the straw. The next day, the temperature of the reactor is 40-50°C. When it reaches about 60°C on the third day, the reactor is turned one more time. Generally, it is fermented for 4-5 days. 0.1 to 0.2% of carbendazim must be added after fermentation and before sowing. Concentration is 50%) and mix well.
Second, corn interplanting straw mushroom technology
1. Site selection: The site should be selected in a large-area corn field with high topography, flatness, no accumulation of water, convenient water supply, and moderate soil fertility.
2. Maize planting methods: Corn is planted according to conventional methods. Before the next planting, full-planted base fertilizer is applied, foot-planting water is poured, tiller is leveled, and the row spacing is 66 centimeters, the plant spacing is 33 centimeters, and 3000 plants per mu are left. Or use a wide and narrow row, 66 cm wide, 55 cm spacing, and 3,000 per acre. Digging nests or trenches can be on-demand.
3, mushroom bed production: When the corn plant height is about 1 meter, the soil between the rows of corn shovel out of the ridge on the ridge, made width 46-52 cm, depth 20 cm, the length of corn stubble or easy management . 3-4 days before sowing, the bottom water is poured in the bed. After the bed soil is slightly dry, sprinkle a layer of lime powder on the bottom of the bed.
4, sowing: The prepared culture material, according to 20 kg per square meter of material calculated on the bed in the mushroom, the surface is trimmed into the middle slightly higher, slightly lower on both sides, after the arc was curved, the bacteria spread on the surface Or layered sowing. The sowing rate is 10% or more of the dry culture material. Seed more at 5-6 cm from the edge, then a little more solid, covered with plastic film or grass quilt.
5, straw mushroom management: straw mushroom production cycle is short, only 12-14 days until harvest. Good or bad management will directly affect the yield and quality. In particular, controlling the temperature and humidity is very important for the birth of mycelium and fruiting bodies.
(1) Management of the hypha stage. On the second day after sowing, the culture materials began to ferment and produce heat, the mycelium began to sprout, and the temperature gradually increased. Within 3-5 days, the central temperature of the material pile could reach 40-50°C. At this time, the plastic film should be set off for cooling. When the high temperature was maintained for 4-5 days, the temperature began to decrease. When the temperature dropped to 35°C, the hyphae began to kink and form the fruit body primordia. At this time, we must pay special attention to the contamination of various germs.
(2) Management after fruiting. The mushroom grows rapidly after mushrooming, and the management time is short. The temperature needed at this stage should be kept at 26-30°C, slightly lower than the mycelial stage by 4-6°C. At this time, the relative humidity requirement is 85-90%. However, if the moisture content of the culture material is too large, the culture material will be poorly ventilated, the temperature of the material will rise slowly, affect the growth of the mushroom, and even cause acid, mildew and odor. However, if the moisture content of the culture material is lower than 60%, the material temperature will increase, the hyphae will shrink and dry, and the amount of mushrooms will decrease. Therefore, the humidity control after the mushrooming is more important than the temperature. Watering should pay attention: First of all, it is not possible to use large water to water. It is necessary to adopt a sprinkling method. The amount of water spray should not be too large. The number of water sprays should be determined according to the humidity and climate conditions of the culture materials, usually 1-2 times. Followed by the water temperature should pay attention to water, such as the water temperature is too low and easy to reduce the material temperature, affecting the amount of mushrooms, it is best to deep water wells into the tank, until the water temperature and space temperature consistent before use. Again to check the pH of the culture material, generally require a pH of 8-9, such as low pH, add some lime water in the spray water to adjust the pH.
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