Five types of cake feed fish

Cakes are the residual part of the oil seeds after extracting most of the oils, including bean cakes, peanut cakes, cottonseed cakes, rapeseed cakes, sesame cakes, sunflower cakes, or oysters. This type of feed has a high crude protein content and is a major protein source in feed for fish farming. In recent years, it has been widely used as an alternative to the expensive fishmeal used in fish compound feeds. However, these feeds generally have the following disadvantages: 1 low methionine content, phosphorus and less calcium, lack of carotene and so on. 2 contains some toxic substances, affecting their palatability and digestibility. 3 In the case of overheating, the protein will be denatured and the digestibility of the protein will decrease. For the sake of safety, the following matters should be taken into account when using pancake in fish feed:
First, raw soybean meal because of containing anti-trypsin and other harmful substances, poor palatability, low utilization of feed protein, should be appropriate heat treatment (110 Â°C, 3 minutes) after use.
Second, cottonseed cake contains gossypol and other harmful substances, pay attention to the ratio of adult fish feed should be controlled at 30%, the amount of broodstock feed cottonseed cake should not exceed 5%. When the ratio of adult fish feed exceeds 15%, it must be used after detoxification. There are many methods of detoxification of gossypol, such as cooking method, alkaline water immersion method, ferrous salt method, yeast fermentation method, etc. Among them, the ferrous sulfate method is the most simple and thorough, and the amount of ferrous sulfate added is generally free gossypol in cottonseed cake. 5 times the content.
Third, the rapeseed meal contains a series of toxins or anti-nutritional factors, in order to improve its effectiveness, to avoid poisoning, generally limited use (the amount should be controlled below 20%) and strengthen the mix (with fish meal, bean cake) or Add lysine. When the amount is large, it is suitable for detoxification treatment. At present, the method of burying or fermenting is generally adopted, and organic solvent can also be used for detoxification.
Fourth, peanut meal contains antitrypsin, so should pay attention to heat treatment before use, generally about 120 Â°C when its antitrypsin is controlled. Shelled peanut cake has low crude protein content, high crude fiber content, and low feed value, and should not be used as a carnivorous and omnivorous fish. Herbivorous fish are also used in limited quantities.
5. The sunflower cake has good palatability. The quality of the shell cake is comparable to that of the bean cake, and it is nontoxic. The calcium, phosphorus and vitamin B content is even higher than the soybean cake, so it is an excellent source of protein in fish feed. However, the shelled sunflower cake contains a large amount of lignin, which not only makes it difficult to digest the crude fiber, but also reduces the digestibility of nutrients. Generally, the amount of lignin should be reduced. At the same time, it should not be used as feed for meat and fish.

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