Grass chickens are also called native chickens and stupid chickens. Their breeds are mainly differential hatchling cockerels, local soil hybrid breeders, and individual yellow chickens and local native breeder hybrid chickens. Compared with fast-growing large breeders, they have a long growth period. , Slow growth, good meat quality, convenient breeding, and high profitability are deeply loved by farmers. Usually after the Spring Festival each year to the lunar calendar from March to April, many farmers have to raise one or two batches, or 30 to 50. Or hundreds only. General feeding 2 to 3 months, weighing 0.75 to 1.25 kg when listed. The feeding methods are not the same, and there are many issues that are worth noting in the breeding process. This article summarizes the management points of grass chickens for reference by farmers. First, the selection and treatment of feeding sites? Due to the small number of breeding, the choice of feeding sites is also more flexible, used or idle homes, housing, both inside and outside the hospital space can be, but the use should pay attention to the existing premises to be cleaned up Maintenance: Remove debris, trim doors and windows, block dead rat holes, use wetlands to cover soil, and be able to heat and moisture, rodents, and bird pests. Use 2% to 3% of hot alkali for indoor and outdoor surfaces. Spraying (150-200 ml/m2) disinfection (rinsing can be followed by rinsing with water and then disinfecting); for cages that once raised chickens and pigs, it should be sealed with 3 times formalin fumigation (per cubic meter of space Potassium permanganate 21 g + formalin 42 ml fumigation 24 hours) to completely disinfect the rearing environment. Such as the use of space inside and outside the hospital, can take a width of 4 to 6 meters, according to the length of the plastic to determine the greenhouse, the shed 1.8 to 2.2 meters high, roof with double plastic film. The inner layer is covered with a drip-free membrane, and the middle layer of the two-layer membrane is sandwiched with 5 to 10 cm thick mat grass. After the breeding shed is built, it must be disinfected with fire alkali, 100 poison, and disinfection king. The size and number of feeding sites can be calculated by referring to the following stocking densities: ? Weekly age (weeks) 〖〗 〗 〖1〗 〖2 〗 〖3 〗 〖4 ～ 6 〗 〖7 〗 〖Shelf 〗 〖 Breeding density (only/square meter) 〖〗 40 ~ 50 〖〗 30 ~ 35 〗 〖20 ~ 25 〖〗 12 ~ 15 〖〗 Second, the choice of chicken? 1? From the species point of view, egg rooster seedlings grow faster, good feed utilization, high maternal antibodies, Strong resistance to disease, good survival rate, can be the first choice; local soil hybrids layer chicken seedlings low antibody levels, poor disease resistance, poor feed utilization, slow growth, but the chicken meat is good, can be selected according to market conditions; The hybrid of three yellow chickens and local chicken breeds grows fast and the ratio of feed to meat is good, but the meat quality is slightly worse than the previous two, and it can also be used. 2? From the sensory point of view, the choice of Miaoji to individual size, color uniform, lively spirits, cry crisp, bright eyes, hands struggle forceful, appearance without a large belly, abdominal contraction is good, no squatting, legs The claws are deformed, the feathers are bright and clean, and the leg claws are moist and there is no obvious dry dehydration phenomenon. Third, the choice of feed? Grass chicken nutrition requirements for feed can be lower than the brood brooding and rearing period of nutrition, 0-6 weeks broodstock material crude protein content of 16% to 17%, metabolic energy 2750 ~ 2800 kcal / kg , 7 weeks ~ slaughtered raw materials for crude protein content of 14% to 15%, metabolic energy 2650 ~ 2700 kcal / kg, the current price of commercially available special full-range chicken material can basically meet the needs. Fourth, feeding methods? 1? Generally more ground floor litter leveling, that is, on the ground shop 5 to 8 cm thick dry, no mildew, preferably sterilized mat grass, such as rice husk, rice straw, wheat straw , river sand, wood shavings, etc., straw should be smashed into small pieces of 3 to 5 cm. Some of them are flat-raised on the ground without a bedding, but they are not recommended due to the poor sanitation and heat preservation of the ground. ? 2? Adoption of online raising is costly, but it is easy to manage and has less chicken disease. The nets are required to be free from breakage, burr-free, and mesh size. ? 3 ? use out of idling or idle hens brooding, bred cage raisers, cages to be thoroughly repaired and disinfected, the breeding density can be increased appropriately. Fifth, environmental control? 1? Temperature: late winter and early spring, large temperature difference between day and night, pay special attention to night temperature management. The seal of the house is better, using coal stoves, electric heaters and other heating, temperature control requirements for the first week of 32 ~ 34 °C, after the weekly drop of 3 °C, 4 weeks after the control at 16 ~ 26 °C is appropriate. When using coal stoves, care should be taken to prevent gas poisoning. Before the chicks enter the house, it is necessary to ensure that the temperature reaches 34°C. Such as summer chickens, high temperature can be used to enhance ventilation, shading, cold water spray, drinking water plus baking soda and other methods to reduce the temperature and heat stress. The chicken house should be hung with hygrometers up to chicken backs. One chicken per 300 chickens. ? 2? Humidity: During the rearing period, the relative humidity is generally required to be within 40% to 80%, and the humidity during the brooding period is controlled at about 70%, especially during the first week of the brooding period, the temperature is warm, the environment is dry, and the chicks are easily dehydrated, and the dust is also easy. Cause respiratory problems, need to increase moisture, can be placed on the stove to release water vapor. During the breeding period, the humidity is prone to be too large, resulting in feed, moldy grass and excessive ammonia concentration, and the bacterial growth speeds up causing a variety of chicken diseases. The control of humidity shall be enhanced by ventilation, ventilation, and drinking water management. The bedding shall be periodically flipped to remove excessively wet litter, and new bedding shall be added to reduce the humidity. The humidity level may be checked by a hygrometer. ? 3? Ventilation and ventilation: In the house, large amounts of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and other contaminated gases are generated due to faeces, chicken breathing, mildewing of bedding materials, etc., so that chickens are susceptible to diseases such as respiratory diseases, E. coli diseases, etc. The growth is hindered and the feed utilization rate is reduced. Therefore, it is often necessary to open doors and windows to open fresh air and remove dirty gas. Generally, it is required that there be no noticeable feeling of ammonia gas in the house. In the cold season, it is advisable to increase the temperature in the house before ventilation, and choose to do so in mid-afternoon. 4 light: natural daylight during the day, at night to add a certain amount of light, with an ordinary incandescent lamp hanging height of 2 meters, the first week of brooding fill the light every night for 8 to 9 hours, the intensity of 2 to 3 watts per square meter , After a week, fill in the light every night for 5 to 6 hours, the intensity of 0.75 to 1.5 watts per square meter. ? 5? Health: the chicken house should be regularly cleaned and disinfected outside, do not dump garbage, chicken manure, stone powder at the entrance, every 7 to 10 days with 3% hot alkali spray disinfection. In chicken houses, chickens should be sterilized on a regular basis, and non-corrosive and non-irritating disinfectants should be used to kill chickens, litter, sinks, walls, and roofs. All the surfaces of the house are spray-disinfected and the dosage is 40-50 ml per square meter. During the rearing period, the management of people entering and exiting the facility is strengthened and outsiders are not allowed to visit. Keepers should change shoes when entering or exiting, try not to use tools from other breeding plants, and if necessary, do disinfection. The flat-raised houses are regularly littered with litter to maintain proper dryness and humidity, and the net-raising houses are regularly cleaned of feces. VI, diet management? 1? dietary equipment selection: can be used for feeding chickens with troughs and drinking fountains, brooding the first week with 1 # trough, 50 to 80 chickens to provide one, with 2 liters of vacuum drinker, 30 ~ 50 chickens provide one. One week later, until the slaughter, use 2# troughs, 40 to 50 chickens to provide one, use a 4 litre vacuum drinker, 30 to 50 chickens to provide one. Egg trough, trough or self-made chute and trough can also be used. Each chicken needs to have a trough length (unilateral) of 2 to 4 cm and a trough length (unilateral) of 1 to 2 cm. Sinks and sinks must be disinfected with disinfectant before use. ? 2? open to drink and eat: feed selected special-purpose chicken material, drinking water in the first week with cold water, after the use of tap water. After receiving the house, the chicks drink water for 2 to 4 hours. Add 5% dextrose to your drinking water for the first time. Try to make each chicken drink water and then feed it. Using broodstock, newspapers, cotton cloth, etc. can be spread on the litter for the first two days, and the material is sprinkled on the chicken for feeding. Feeds should be given less frequently to keep the feed fresh. Chicks that do not drink water and feed are to be artificially induced, such as tapping a trough sink, picking up the chicks and inserting the chicken gizzards into a trough sink to make them familiar with feed and drinking water and learn to eat. ? 3? daily management: chickens are free to eat, free access to water, 1 to 2 weeks to feed 8 times a day, after the daily feed 4 to 6 times. Each feed control is just finished at the next feed. Change the drinking water 2 or 3 times a day to ensure that the water quality is fresh, and regularly clean the trough sink to keep the trough sink clean and sanitary. ? 4? Refueling: grass chickens are generally divided into two stages in feed nutrition, 1 to 6 weeks with broodstock, 6 weeks to slaughter materials. Different kinds of feeds (including different types of manufacturers' feeds) will be converted in 3 to 5 days, and they will be changed 1/3 to 1/5 every day. The two feeds should be mixed evenly before feeding the chicken. ? 5? Gaza: After 4 weeks, the chickens are fed with clean sand to help digest feed. Once a week, 100 chickens are added with 50 grams each time. The sand diameter is 3 to 5 mm, and the sand is sprinkled on the ground or material. No chicken is eaten in the kitchen. VII. Immunization medication program (recommended)? 1? Immunization medication program 0 day old, HVT or CVI988 oil seedling 0.2 ml/chicken, subcutaneous injection in the neck (usually done in a hatchery) to prevent Marek's disease; 1st Age, 1 part per head of H120/chicken, eye (left eye) to prevent infectious bronchitis; 7 to 9 days old, 1 copy of NDIV live chicks/chicken, eye (right eye) to prevent chicken Newcastle disease; 13～ 15 days old, D78 live seedlings 1.5 heads/chicken, drinking water (15 ml water/chicken, water plus 0?25% skim milk powder) to prevent bursal disease; 22 to 24 days old, 2 NDIV live seedlings/ Chicken, drinking water (25 ml/chicken) to prevent chicken Newcastle disease; 26 to 28 days old, IBD D78 vaccine 1 to 5 heads/chicken, drinking water (28 ml water/chicken, water plus 0 to 25% non-fat dry milk powder) Bladder disease (immunized according to local epidemic situation); 32 to 35 days of age, live chicken pox 1 part/chicken, skin puncture on the inside of chicken wings, prevention of chicken pox (immunity according to seasonal or local epidemic); 38 to 40 days old, IBH52 live seedlings of 2 heads/chicken, drinking water (32 ml/chicken) to prevent infectious bronchitis; 55 to 60 days old, NDI live seedlings of 1 head/chicken, intramuscular injection to prevent chicken Newcastle disease. 2? Medication program? 1 to 4 days of age, with gentamicin, kanamycin drinking water for 2 days or with furazolidone 0.02% spices for 4 days, to prevent E. coli, Salmonella and other diseases; 9 ~ 11 Day-old, with erythromycin or tylosin to prevent respiratory disease; 17 to 19 days old, with erythromycin or tylosin to prevent respiratory disease, 29 to 31 days old, with gentamicin or Kanamycin Or neomycin or enrofloxacin to prevent E. coli disease; 60 to 65 days of age, with left meconazole repellent 25 mg / kg body weight, once feeding. Three days before each immunization, multi-dimensional, such as rapid supplement -14 drinking water, 2 times a day.
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