In winter, the climate is cold, and it is cloudy and sunny. The human body is affected by cold temperatures, and the body's physiological functions and appetite will change. Therefore, it is necessary to properly adjust the diet to ensure that the necessary nutrients are sufficient for the human body and to improve the cold-resistant ability and immune function of the elderly so that they can safely and smoothly overwinter.
First of all, the supply of thermal energy should be guaranteed. The cold climate in winter affects the body's endocrine system and increases the secretion of thyroid hormones and epinephrine. This promotes and accelerates the decomposition of three major types of nutrients, protein, fat, and carbohydrates, to increase the ability of the body to keep warm. Excessive body heat loss. Therefore, winter nutrition should be mainly based on increasing heat energy, and more foods rich in carbohydrates and fats can be properly consumed. For the elderly, the intake of fat should not be too much, so as not to induce other diseases of the elderly, but sufficient protein should be taken in, as the decomposition of protein is highly enhanced and the human body is prone to negative nitrogen balance. The protein supply is preferably 15-17% of the total calories. The protein supplied should be based on high-quality protein, such as lean meat, eggs, fish, milk, beans, and products. These foods contain The protein not only facilitates digestion and absorption by the human body, but is also rich in essential amino acids. It has a high nutritional value and can increase the body's ability to resist cold and disease.
In winter, it is also the off-season season for vegetables. The number of vegetables is small and the varieties are more monotonous, especially in northern China. This phenomenon is even more prominent. Therefore, often after a winter, the human body appears vitamin deficiency, such as the lack of vitamin C, and therefore causes many elderly people to have oral ulcers, root swelling, bleeding, constipation and other symptoms. The prevention and control method should first expand the source of food. The number of green leafy vegetables in winter is relatively reduced. Potatoes can be eaten properly, such as sweet potatoes and potatoes. They are all rich in vitamin C, vitamin B, especially the lack of vitamin A, red heart sweet potato also contains more carotene. Eat more potatoes, not only vitamin supplements, but also Qingre heat, to the role of scorpion. In addition, in addition to Chinese cabbage, cabbages, radishes, white radishes, carrots, bean sprouts, mung bean sprouts, and rapeseed should be selected in the main road vegetables listed in the winter season. These vegetables are rich in vitamin content. As long as the varieties are often exchanged and matched properly, they can still supplement the needs of human vitamins. The cold winter can also affect the body's nutrient metabolism, so that the consumption of various nutrients have increased in varying degrees. Due to the effects of digestion and absorption and metabolism in the body, the elderly often lack elements such as potassium, calcium, sodium, iron, etc., and the increase in urine volume in winter causes the above-mentioned inorganic salts to increase with the amount of urine. Therefore, it should be timely. Add it. Can eat more calcium, iron, sodium, potassium and other rich foods, such as shrimp, shrimp, sesame, liver, bananas and so on. If there is low sodium, when cooking, taste slightly salty, you can add.