Peanut locusts are crickets, commonly known as "pests", also known as "bugworms," ​​and are an often-occurring pest in flower production areas in China.
I. Hazardous situation When the top soil of early spring sown peanuts is not yet emerged, the aphids will be able to drill into young shoots and harm them. After emergence, more juice is sucked on the back of the top young heart. After flowering, the locusts mostly accumulated on the calyx tube and fruit needles, which made the peanut plants dwarf and curled, affecting flowering needles and normal fruiting. In severe cases, the aphid excretes a large amount of honey juice, causing fungal parasitism, making the stems and leaves dark, and causing the whole plant to die. General production cuts are 20% to 30%, serious 50% to 60%, or even out of production. Aphid is an important vector for peanut virus disease, and in addition to its own harm, it often leads to fulminant viral disease.
Second, living habits Peanut locusts occur 20 to 30 generations a year. Mainly in the wingless fetal female and Ruoqiang in the leeward sunny hillside ditch, roadside leek and cruciferous families such as crucifers and vitiligo or winter pea wintering, there is a small amount of eggs overwintering. In the middle and early March of the following year, they breed on overwintering hosts. When the average temperature rises to 14°C in the middle or late April, a large number of winged plovers are produced, and young shoots such as leeks or locusts, Amorpha fruticosa and Chinese wolfberry, and spring peas are successively transferred to host plants. Moved to the top to form the first peak of emigration. After the groundnuts were unearthed in mid-to-late May, the host plants such as leeks in the field gradually matured and withered, resulting in a large number of winged plagues. They migrated to the peanut fields and formed the second migration peak, resulting in the peanut field that began to bloom in early June. Locust spotting damage. In mid-June, due to the increase in temperature and dry weather, the locusts are favored to reproduce, and a large number of winged plovers are again produced to spread inside and outside the peanut field, forming the third migration peak. At this time, it is the flowering period of peanuts. If the conditions are suitable (drought, little rain, high temperature), the maggots will reproduce very quickly, and generally the population will be completed within 4-7 days. The population density of field worms will increase dramatically. This is the period when the locusts harmed the peanut pods, and it was also the peak period of peanut virus disease. From July to August, the rainy season is coming, the humidity is high, there are many natural enemies, and the density of locusts is drastically reduced. In addition, the weather is hot and some locusts shift to cool and cool places. From September to October, the temperature dropped, and after the peanuts were harvested, the winged crickets moved from peanut seedlings and kidney beans to host plants such as leeks and terresses, causing harm and wintering.
Third, control methods
1. Application of systemic insecticides. Peanuts were planted with open holes and 0.5 kg of phosphorus (812) was applied to the seeds before covering the soil. Peanut seeds absorb these systemic insecticides, and they can die if the larvae migrate after they emerge. The effective period of the pharmaceuticals is more than 60 days, and it can also treat other pests such as cockroaches, wireworms, thrips, and the like.
2. Spray liquid before flowering. Peanut seedlings that have not been seeded with pesticides should be sprayed with 30 to 40 liters of pesticide solution per acre. Commonly used pesticides are: 50% of phoxim 500 ~ 2000 times liquid; when spraying, sprayer upward, spray the back of the leaves, and pay attention to spraying.
3. Flowering needles fumigation of pesticides. Peanuts entered the flowering needle stage. When they were found to be harmed by locusts, they used 80% dichlorvos 75 to 100 grams per mu, 25 kg of fine soil or 7.5 kg of wheat bran, 2.5 liters of water was evenly mixed, and were distributed under a high temperature condition. , Dichlorvos volatile fumigation peanuts, kill aphids, control efficiency up to 90%.
I. Hazardous situation When the top soil of early spring sown peanuts is not yet emerged, the aphids will be able to drill into young shoots and harm them. After emergence, more juice is sucked on the back of the top young heart. After flowering, the locusts mostly accumulated on the calyx tube and fruit needles, which made the peanut plants dwarf and curled, affecting flowering needles and normal fruiting. In severe cases, the aphid excretes a large amount of honey juice, causing fungal parasitism, making the stems and leaves dark, and causing the whole plant to die. General production cuts are 20% to 30%, serious 50% to 60%, or even out of production. Aphid is an important vector for peanut virus disease, and in addition to its own harm, it often leads to fulminant viral disease.
Second, living habits Peanut locusts occur 20 to 30 generations a year. Mainly in the wingless fetal female and Ruoqiang in the leeward sunny hillside ditch, roadside leek and cruciferous families such as crucifers and vitiligo or winter pea wintering, there is a small amount of eggs overwintering. In the middle and early March of the following year, they breed on overwintering hosts. When the average temperature rises to 14°C in the middle or late April, a large number of winged plovers are produced, and young shoots such as leeks or locusts, Amorpha fruticosa and Chinese wolfberry, and spring peas are successively transferred to host plants. Moved to the top to form the first peak of emigration. After the groundnuts were unearthed in mid-to-late May, the host plants such as leeks in the field gradually matured and withered, resulting in a large number of winged plagues. They migrated to the peanut fields and formed the second migration peak, resulting in the peanut field that began to bloom in early June. Locust spotting damage. In mid-June, due to the increase in temperature and dry weather, the locusts are favored to reproduce, and a large number of winged plovers are again produced to spread inside and outside the peanut field, forming the third migration peak. At this time, it is the flowering period of peanuts. If the conditions are suitable (drought, little rain, high temperature), the maggots will reproduce very quickly, and generally the population will be completed within 4-7 days. The population density of field worms will increase dramatically. This is the period when the locusts harmed the peanut pods, and it was also the peak period of peanut virus disease. From July to August, the rainy season is coming, the humidity is high, there are many natural enemies, and the density of locusts is drastically reduced. In addition, the weather is hot and some locusts shift to cool and cool places. From September to October, the temperature dropped, and after the peanuts were harvested, the winged crickets moved from peanut seedlings and kidney beans to host plants such as leeks and terresses, causing harm and wintering.
Third, control methods
1. Application of systemic insecticides. Peanuts were planted with open holes and 0.5 kg of phosphorus (812) was applied to the seeds before covering the soil. Peanut seeds absorb these systemic insecticides, and they can die if the larvae migrate after they emerge. The effective period of the pharmaceuticals is more than 60 days, and it can also treat other pests such as cockroaches, wireworms, thrips, and the like.
2. Spray liquid before flowering. Peanut seedlings that have not been seeded with pesticides should be sprayed with 30 to 40 liters of pesticide solution per acre. Commonly used pesticides are: 50% of phoxim 500 ~ 2000 times liquid; when spraying, sprayer upward, spray the back of the leaves, and pay attention to spraying.
3. Flowering needles fumigation of pesticides. Peanuts entered the flowering needle stage. When they were found to be harmed by locusts, they used 80% dichlorvos 75 to 100 grams per mu, 25 kg of fine soil or 7.5 kg of wheat bran, 2.5 liters of water was evenly mixed, and were distributed under a high temperature condition. , Dichlorvos volatile fumigation peanuts, kill aphids, control efficiency up to 90%.
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