The summer weather is hot and the temperature is high. The maximum temperature can reach 35°C~36°C. Due to the underdeveloped sweat glands of dairy cows, the tolerance to high temperature and heat is poor, and heat stress reactions are easily generated. Dairy cows showed reduced feed intake, decreased milk production, quiet estrus, estrus disorders, and increased incidence of sunstroke and heat stroke (heat stroke). Little attention was paid to causing significant economic losses.
Doing a good job of nutrition regulation for dairy cows
After entering the summer, the temperature gradually increased, the weather was hot, the cows were affected by heat stress, feed intake was significantly reduced, and milk production was also reduced. In order to pursue milk production, some farmers do not adjust the combination of diets, mainly corn silage, but blindly increase the amount of fine feeding, which easily leads to acute and chronic rumen acidosis in dairy cows. Dairy cows refused to feed on fine supplementary materials and only ate a small amount of silage or hay, resulting in a significant reduction in milk production, and metabolic diseases such as laminitis. Therefore, after entering the summer, the lactating cows must feed hay. Each end should be guaranteed to feed at least 3 kilograms per day. The reduction in feed intake also presents a negative balance in energy supply, which is one of the important factors that cause a drop in milk production. Therefore, adding 1% to 2% of ruminal fat-calcium fatty acid in dairy diets can reduce or reduce the consequences of heat stress.
Grasp the feeding method and feeding time
During the day during the summer, the temperature is high and the appetite of the cows is poor. At night, the weather is much cooler and the cow's appetite is stronger than during the day. Change the feeds that were used three times a day in a balanced manner to nights and early mornings, and increase the number of feedings at night so that cows feed at night two-thirds of the dry matter intake of the whole day. This is to use the temperature difference between day and night to maintain the maximum dry matter intake of dairy cows.
Ensure sufficient drinking water
In summer, the amount of drinking water of cows increases with the increase of temperature. The lactating cows drink about 130 to 170 liters of water each day. The heat stress increased the cow's drinking water by 1.2 to 2 times. Therefore, sufficient fresh water should be prepared for the cow to drink freely. If the conditions permit, the water in the water tank and the well water are circulated, and the temperature of the water is controlled below 25° C. After the cows drink, the effect of physical cooling can be achieved.
Reduce the number of cows delivered during the summer heat season
During the perinatal period of dairy cows, there is a great change in metabolism and it is easy to have metabolic diseases. The function of the rumen has not been fully restored after 6 to 8 weeks after the calving of the cows. At this stage, the cow's constitution is weak and its disease resistance is poor. If you catch up with the summer heat during calving, heat stress and calving stress occur at the same time, and the cow’s health will be severely damaged. For example, postpartum complications often cause economic losses to cattle farmers. In order to alleviate this contradiction, in the estrus breeding of dairy cows, a breeding breeding program is well prepared, and a planned selection is made through estimation of the expected date of production.
Facilities for ventilation and ventilation should be installed in the building
The design of the dairy cowhouse is enclosed and front open, and each has its own merits. Closed cow houses must be equipped with ventilation facilities. Ventilation fans and exhaust skylights should be installed on the roof so that harmful gases such as ammonia gas can be discharged and the air in the cowhouse can be kept fresh.
The front opening cow house should be equipped with a ceiling fan, and a ceiling fan for every 4 to 5 cows. It facilitates the discharge of hot air and lowers the temperature of the cowshed. When the weather is hot, when the cow enters the house, the fan is turned on, the air circulates, and the heat of the cow's body surface is taken away, so that the cow feels cool and comfortable and maintains a good physiological state and lactating function.
Do the above work, I believe that your cows can safely survive the hot summer weather.
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