(I) Density control Breeding density should be determined based on the structure of the brooding house, breeding equipment, ventilation, management level, and the climate at that time. For example, the density of cages and nets should be higher than that of the ground, and the density of insulation and ventilation can be better. The density of feeds, especially vitamins, can be higher when the levels are high. Usually 400 to 1000 ducks are suitable for ducklings. When raising the ground, the first week of age is about 20 per square meter, 14 weeks of the second week of age, and no more than 10 after the 3rd week of age; the density can be increased when the net is raised and the ground net is combined. , up to more than 1/3. However, regardless of the size and density of the group, we must timely carry out ducklings strong and weak grouping, weak chicks individually bred, intensive care to reduce the number of ducks into the number of defective.
(B) Ventilation and temperature adjustment Ducklings drink more water and more feces, so the ducklings are very humid, and the wet manure and litter will decompose and ferment, resulting in a lot of harmful gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. If you do not pay attention to ventilation, these increasingly dirty air will seriously affect the normal growth and development of young ducklings and health, and sometimes harmful gases will cause duckling poisoning and other diseases caused by different degrees of casualties. Good ventilation is very important for young ducklings. It can discharge dirty air inside the house, provide fresh air to the ducklings, adjust the temperature and humidity in the house, and make the ducklings feel comfortable.
However, during the incubation period of the first few days of brooding, when the outside temperature is low, the ventilation will make the temperature inside the house less controllable. When the brooding is performed, attention should be paid to the ventilation and the ventilation method should be paid attention to. The easiest way is to open some high-rise windows when the weather is warmer at noon, and use appropriate temperature ventilation and outside ventilation. It must be noted that there must not be a significant change in the temperature inside the house and the thief's wind must not be directed to the duck. Two days before brooding, it is completely unventilated and the air is suitable.
Whether the ventilation is appropriate or not is determined by the measurement of the carbon dioxide and ammonia gas content in a dedicated instrument. The main reason is that the person himself enters the brooding house. If he feels that the air is clean and fresh, he does not irritate the eyes and nose, and he feels sulking. Good; such as ducklings show mental anxiety, behavioral delays, feathers, messy, loss of appetite, stunting, inclusion? When sounds or coughing or asthma are noticed, it indicates that the dirty environment has seriously damaged the health of the duck population, and that ventilation and other environmental conditions should be improved quickly.
(C) Air humidity control Humidity refers to relative humidity, which is the relative content of water vapor in the air. The suitable relative humidity for brooding is 56% ~ 70%, which is close to the humidity of the ducklings when they are hatched. This can prevent the ducklings from emitting a large amount of water due to the dry air, affecting the normal function of the body. Although at room temperature the humidity is basically 50% to 70%, but when the heat source is turned on, the air is heated, the moisture in the air is reduced, the humidity is reduced, and the air becomes dry, which is unfavorable to ducks. . Therefore, we should pay attention to the problem of humidification in the first few days. Increasing the humidity can be done by increasing the number of drinking fountains and basins or adjusting their position appropriately. After 2 to 3 days of brooding, the ducklings greatly increased their drinking capacity, and the defecation was more and more wet. Breathing was also greatly accelerated, and the amount of exhaled water increased. Therefore, there was no need to consider the problem of humidification, and great care must be taken to prevent the humidity from being excessive. Dry and create a clean, clean living environment for ducklings. At this time, it is necessary to remove the excrement, diligently exchanging litter, and maintaining good ventilation. The top of the drinking fountain and basin is preferably covered with wire mesh so that the ducklings can only pass through the head and neck but cannot enter other areas. Drinking fountains and basins should be placed on the ground and there should be a well-drained channel underneath to take over the overflowing water, or there should be a shallow ditch or leaky gutter with good drainage around the basin and around the basin.
(4) Light control After the ducklings start eating, the feed intake is small and the feed intake is slow. In order to ensure that the ducklings have enough time to eat and drink, generally 24 hours of light is used in the first 3 days, that is, artificial light is added at night; light intensity is suitable for ducklings to see feed and water. Sometimes deliberately light out for half an hour to help ducklings adapt to the impact of sudden power outages. If you use infrared light bulb insulation, no additional lights, which need to be determined depending on the specific circumstances of light. After 3 days of age, no artificial light is usually added, and only natural light is used. Sunlight has a great effect on the growth of young ducklings. It can promote the feeding and metabolism of ducklings, promote the formation of vitamin D and pigments, maintain the rapid growth of bones, and increase productivity. Therefore, after 3 days of age, the ducklings can be properly opened when the weather is fine, or the ducklings can be gradually released outdoors to exercise, receive sunlight, and enhance physical fitness.
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