Corn is one of the main food crops in China, and it has a large planting area in China. It has a good prospect of planting because it can be used for oil extraction, processing into agricultural and sideline foods, and can also be used as feed. So how can planting achieve high yields? The following small series will tell you about the secret of high-yield corn planting--the cultivation technique of membrane side ditch.
The cultivation technique of corn membrane side ditch ridge cover is to cover the ridge back of the two rows of corn (narrow rows) with 40 cm of mulch film, and the corn is planted in two furrows of the mulch film. Because the membrane side furrow cultivation has the same effect of increasing temperature and moisture in the film cultivation, resisting drought and lodging, improving the ventilation and light transmission in the field, and promoting the growth and development of corn. The average production rate per 667 square meters is 716 kilograms, an increase of 153 kilograms or 36.8% over the non-coverage. The main methods are as follows:
First, technical points
1. Site selection: Select a flat soil or loose soil with abundant soil, rich organic matter, or combine with the base fertilizer, fine soil preparation, so that the field surface is flat, the upper and lower sides are solid, and the foot is to be planted.
2, choose the best species: choose high-resistance products with strong resistance and strong production potential, such as Daiyu No. 1, Agricultural University 60 and so on.
3, timely filming: select a width of 40 cm micro-film, using the animal power film produced by the Anze County Agricultural Machinery Plant in Shanxi Province, sowing, ridge, cover film, seeding once completed, film cover on the ridge back, corn species In the ditch, the membrane is 1.6 kg per 667 square meters.
4. Scientific fertilization: The yield of coated corn is high, the density is large, and the fertilizer input should also be increased. 80 farmloads of fertilizer and 50 kilograms of ammonium carbonate per 667 square meters are applied, and 15 kilograms to 20 kilograms of urea are used during jointing.
5. Reasonable close planting: Due to the wide and narrow rows of corn in the membrane side furrow, the wide row is 74 cm and the narrow line is 40 cm. It is necessary to increase the density of seedlings appropriately, which is 200-300 plants more than open field cultivation. According to different varieties, Nongda University 60 seedlings per 667 square meters.
Second, field management
1. Protective film: the ground should be fine, the ridge should be uniform, the film should be compacted, and a soil belt should be pressed every 3-5 meters to prevent the wind from uncovering the film. After sowing, check it carefully and find that there is a film blown by the wind. The mouth should be buried in time to avoid affecting the warming and moisturizing effect of the mulch film.
2, fixed seedlings: 4-5 leaves fixed seedlings, according to the density requirements to stay in the seedlings, remove the disease, weak, small seedlings, stay strong and strong seedlings. 3, cultivating and weeding: the fifth stage combined with the fixed seedlings for the first cultivating, jointing stage combined with topdressing for the second cultivating, cultivating 2-3 times during the whole growth period.
Third, the reasons for increased production
1. Storage and conservation: The ridge-cover cultivation technique of the membrane side groove reduces the evaporation loss of soil moisture and reduces the loss of soil moisture. The furrow cover ridge cover infiltrate the corn roots along the ridge flow along the ridge flow, and the ineffective rain is effective rain. At the same time, compared with the film-covering cultivation, due to the small cover film area, the exposed area can fully accommodate the rain and increase the natural rainfall utilization rate.
2, lightening and warming: the membrane side groove ridge cover corn rhizosphere is covered in the membrane, and higher than the open field, so that the corn is in a good environmental condition. After corn mulching, the small water droplets under the membrane can reverse the sun's rays, increasing the light intensity in the field, especially near the ground layer. At the same time, due to the wide and narrow row planting , the field ventilation and light transmission conditions can be effectively improved, and the photosynthesis of corn is enhanced. .
3, corn growth and robust: the film improves soil environmental conditions, is conducive to early germination of corn, early emergence of seedlings, and Miaoquan, Miaoqi, Miaoyun, Miaozhuang, coupled with temperature changes, can promote the development of plant roots.
4, saving time: the film side groove planting ridge cover cultivation does not cover the film operation, and the implementation of ridge, filming, seeding once completed, can save 2-3 work than the film cover. The investment is only 50% of the total coverage, 16 yuan per micro-film for 667 square meters, and a net increase of 143 yuan.
The key point of corn mulch ridge and ridge cultivation is field management and disease prevention. In Xiaobian's view, it is a very good corn high-yield planting technique, because it can store and keep warm, increase light and warm, and can effectively increase corn yield. And save time and effort. The above are detailed cultivation techniques that everyone can learn from.
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