In summer, eggplants are highly susceptible to bacterial blight, especially under hot and rainy conditions, which can lead to a large number of rotten fruits. It's crucial to take immediate action to prevent and manage the disease effectively.
First, proper cultivation and management play a key role in disease prevention. As the rainy season begins, it's important to keep the drainage ditches clear and drain them promptly after rainfall. Avoid overwatering, and maintain good soil aeration to reduce humidity and heat stress. Infected leaves and fruits should be removed immediately and either buried or burned to minimize the spread of pathogens and prevent further infection.
Second, chemical protection is essential for controlling the disease. Spraying should begin before symptoms appear or during the early stages of infection. Focus on protecting the lower parts of the eggplant plants, as well as the ground and branches, especially during the rainy season when the risk of infection increases. Recommended fungicides include 75% chlorothalonil WP diluted at 600 times, 64% mancozeb WP at 500 times, 65% zinc oxide WP at 500 times, 72.2% potassium phosphonate 800 times, and a 1:1:200 Bordeaux mixture. These products should be alternated to avoid resistance. Apply them every 7–10 days, and repeat the treatment 3–4 times for best results.
In addition, maintaining good field hygiene and ensuring proper air circulation between plants can further reduce the likelihood of disease occurrence. Monitoring the crops regularly and acting quickly at the first sign of infection will help ensure a healthy and productive harvest.
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