In summer, eggplants are highly susceptible to bacterial blight, especially under hot and rainy conditions, which can lead to a large number of rotten fruits. It is essential to take prompt measures to both prevent and treat the disease effectively.
First, focus on proper cultivation and management. As the rainy season begins, ensure that the drainage ditches are cleaned regularly and drained promptly after each rain to avoid waterlogging. Water the plants lightly with well water to reduce heat stress and prevent excessive moisture. Remove any infected leaves and fruits as soon as possible, and dispose of them by burning or composting to minimize the risk of re-infection by the pathogen.
Second, implement chemical protection measures. Apply fungicides before the disease appears or during the early stages for best results. Pay special attention to the lower parts of the eggplant plants, as well as the ground and branches, especially during the rainy season. Suitable products include 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder diluted at 600 times, 64% mancozeb wettable powder at 500 times, 65% zineb wettable powder at 500 times, 72.2% potassium phosphonate (Proc) at 800 times, or a 1:1:200 Bordeaux mixture. Rotate these products to prevent resistance, and apply them every 7 to 10 days, repeating the process 3 to 4 times for optimal control.
In addition, maintaining good air circulation around the plants and avoiding overwatering can further help in reducing the incidence of the disease. Regular monitoring of the crops is also crucial to detect any signs of infection early and respond quickly. By combining cultural practices with timely chemical treatments, farmers can significantly reduce the impact of bacterial blight on their eggplant crops.
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