Hanyuan County is a typical hilly terrain. The main rice producing areas are river valleys. Most of the cultivated land in mountainous areas is steeper and has no access to motorized farmland. The fruit and vegetable industry in the dam area is developed, and the demand for multifunctional and miniaturized agricultural machinery is prominent. The Yangtze River 51-81 cultivator has been widely used in rice production areas since it entered the rural area of ​​the county in 2000. It has also been used experimentally in the cultivation of dry land in mountain areas, and has achieved good results.
The Yangtze River 51-81 cultivator uses a single-cylinder water-cooled 5 to 12 horsepower diesel engine, cultivating a width of 70 cm, no need for additional squaring, and the driving wheel pitch can be adjusted to 650 to 890 mm cm, and 2 to 3 mus per hour can be achieved. Tillage (net operating time), fuel consumption 1.4 kg / hour (R185 diesel engine) about the use of weight between 225 to 270 kilograms, the adaptability of the mountain land, small fields significantly increased. In order to improve the promotion and application level of this model in our county, combined with the practice of the Three Guarantees maintenance practice in recent years, the problems existing in the use and maintenance of the aircraft in our county are summarised as follows. :
1, read the instructions carefully before use. According to a sample survey conducted by a sales enterprise in the county for two consecutive years in 2003 and 2004, farmers purchased 60% of the manuals without taking the initiative. Over 20% of the manuals have not seen manuals for more than one year. First, study the instructions carefully and start using them. Only 2% of the machines, the first cause of the new machine is "misuse" more than 60%. Farmers in the county purchased agricultural machinery and equipment, whether it is the inspection and verification of the equipment, the price, or the use and maintenance of the machine after purchase. Most rely on the empiricism of the gangs, and they learned less through various types of learning and training, greatly restricting the agricultural machinery and equipment. Use level and use efficiency to improve and play.
2, pay attention to oil, gas, water, small details. Tillage machines have low design speeds in field operations, and engine speeds continue to be in the medium-high state. The cooling modes of the machine components are single water cooling, and the heat dissipation conditions are poor. Therefore, maintenance requirements for lubrication, cooling, and other aspects are relatively high. The lubricating oil with the correct labeling and quality assurance shall be carefully added in accordance with the requirements of the lubrication table, and appropriate replacement and maintenance plans shall be formulated according to the conditions of use such as environment and load, and shall be strictly implemented. To add cooling water in a timely manner, the best working water temperature of a typical diesel engine is between 70 and 90 degrees, and the operating time at 100 degrees should be minimized. Clean cooling water should be added in time to clean the water channel in time. The air filter is maintained every 8 to 50 hours depending on the situation to ensure that the filter cover and cover are intact, and mud, water, and other debris are strictly prohibited. Do a good job in the appearance of cleanliness, as soon as possible to identify the cause of oil and water leakage and promptly ruled out.
Oil, gas, and water are often “small†problems that are easily overlooked by the operator. However, engine parts are damaged due to high temperature and deteriorating lubrication conditions. High-speed, rough operations cause the chain, coulters, tail wheels, tail wheel, and other working machines. The abnormal damage of the parts, the "small" problem can virtually damage the machine tool at a speed several times that of normal wear, increasing the maintenance cost and shortening the service life of the machine tool. The problems in the use and maintenance of the cultivator of my county are more prominent. The first failure time of the new machine oil and gas system, especially the gas distribution organization, has generally advanced significantly.
3, correctly understand the tiller, to ensure that the machine operation is reasonable and safe. To overcome the greed for the spirit of enthusiasm, according to the requirements of the manual and the actual operation of the environment to determine the speed, load, ensure that the machine tool speed and load always remain within the normal and allowable range, is strictly prohibited long-term high speed and overload operation. It is necessary to establish safety awareness and prevent accidents such as collisions, collapses and falling. The consequences of a collision or fall accident are obvious. The loss caused by the overturning of the tiller in operation is also enormous. The diesel engine in operation is pumped from the oil pan through the oil passage into the bearing bush, cylinder head cover assembly, etc. by the oil pump in operation. The working part is forced to complete lubrication. Once it is overturned, the oil level will be greatly tilted. The inlet of the suction filter will not be able to pump oil when it is exposed to air. The working components will ablate and lock up quickly. The flywheel, crankshaft, connecting rod, piston and other components will cause The gravitational force slams towards the lodging side and continues to run at high speed, causing serious damage. If it is turned over to the side of the filter in the paddy field, it will cause muddy water to enter the combustion space, rapidly changing the mixture ratio of oil and gas, and the sudden change of speed and inertia. The difference in force will cause damage to the connecting rods and other important components. Sediment will also damage the valve face. Such accidents are often prone to beginner users, resulting in direct losses ranging from a few tens of yuan to hundreds of yuan, and burying serious hidden dangers of mechanical failure.
4. The Yangtze River 51-81 cultivator used in Hanyuan has been continuously improved by the manufacturers for many years. The failure of the chassis part and the working parts has been significantly reduced compared with the original model. However, the deficiency is that the center of gravity is set to the front and the vehicle is difficult to drive. Should be fully designed for the route, reduce the number of reversing, turn off the rotary tiller before reversing, the operation should be light, slow, try to avoid reversing in the deep-water fields. At the same time, due to cost reasons, its iron wheels, tail wheels and other designs are simple, it is recommended that the field be repaired and reinforced before the new machine, and rough operation should be avoided when working in the multi-gravel Heba field.
5. Our county Yangtze River 51-81 cultivator has not done well in the aspect of “one machine for multiple useâ€, most of the implements are only used for one-year-one-year farming, and it has its own field transportation, pumping, spraying, grain processing, etc. Due to lack of in-depth understanding of the supporting functions, the county’s hundreds of various tillage machines are used for less than 10% of field transportation. There are fewer other uses and there is a greater waste. At the same time, technologies such as machine tool storage are also increased. Costs and other problems.
With the further concessions to the national agricultural machinery policy and the continuous renewal of manufacturers' technology, cultivators will have a wider range of applications in our county. We should deepen our understanding of such machinery, fully understand and use them, and expand the scope of use. Reduce the use of cost, promote the process of agricultural mechanization in our county.
The following dimensions is: Width:750mm*Length:1500m*Thickness:25um
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