The buds ( tender shoots) of the citron have a delicious color and are a kind of high-grade vegetables. Cultivation of spring pods in greenhouses in winter can be harvested before and after the Spring Festival. The benefits are very good.
First, nurture strong seedlings
The production of camphor buds in winter mainly utilizes the nutrients accumulated in the plants. Therefore, nurturing strong seedlings is the basis for good quality and high yields of Toona sinensis.
1. The minimum temperature for the seed germination of Toona sinensis is about 13°C during the nursery period. When the minimum temperature reaches 3 °C ~ 5 °C, 10 cm above the ground temperature of 13 °C above can be sown. In order to cultivate and grow sturdy fragrant saplings in production, secondary seedlings are generally used, that is, seedlings are sowed in advance in the protected area, and after the frost is passed, they are transplanted to the open field to cultivate seedlings.
2. Seedlings are grown in solar greenhouses and Yangshuo, and seedlings are planted in early February to late March. The seedlings age from 60 days to 80 days, and the plants are planted in open fields after night frost. In order to reduce the cost of raising seedlings, seedlings can be sown and cultivated using the seedlings of C. oleracea seedlings after transplanting. The seedlings are 60 days old and then transplanted to open fields.
3. Prepare seedbeds as soon as possible before sowing, especially for Yangshuo that has cultivated cabbage seedlings. It takes 8 days to 10 days in advance to plow the land to raise the temperature. In the 1.2 meters to 1.5 meters wide, 8 meters to 10 meters long seedbed maturity farmyard fertilizer 80 kg to 100 kg, deep-turning 25 cm, soil and fertilizer after mixing and smashing leveling.
4. Immersion seed germinated Citron seeds stored in the general indoor, easy to lose the ability to germinate after the summer, so use the new seeds of the previous year. Before soaking seeds, remove the seed wings and remove the impurities. Soak them in pots with warm water of about 30°C for 24 hours, and then repeatedly rinse with water to clarify. Remove the seeds, drain the excess water, spread 3 cm to 4 cm thick in a pot, and cover with a damp towel. If the amount of seed is large, it can be spread on a damp sack sheet, covered with a moist sack sheet or towel, placed in a temperature range of 22°C to 25°C, germinated at 1 to 2 times per day, and warmed at about 25°C. Wash 1 time to ensure that the seeds are evenly heated, breathable and free of musty taste. In a suitable environment, 2 days to 4 days to germination, germination rate of 40% or more, you can sow.
5. Seed sowing 1 broadcast. The seedbeds are watered and smashed in advance, and are smashed and smashed and leveled by the ground. The trenches are 15cm to 20cm apart and the ditch is 2cm deep. The seeding is planted in the trenches. The seeding rate per square meter is 2g-4g. Fine soil 1 cm to 1.5 cm. After sowing bed cover film, moisturizing warming to promote emergence. 2 broadcast. Before planting, pour enough water. After the water seeps, sprinkle a layer of subsoil to cover the original bed. Spread the seeds evenly on the surface of the bed, cover the soil 1.5 cm, and cover with a plastic film.
6. Seedling management 1 cover soil. Prepare sifting fine soil in advance, choose sunny, respectively, in the top soil of the seed to be seedlings, Qi seedlings and after the seedlings, each covered with soil once, covering the thickness of 0.2 cm to 0.3 cm. Covering the soil can increase the pressure and prevent the seeds from being unearthed and can be preserved. 2 seedlings. When the seedlings grow 2 to 3 true leaves, they need to be seedlings in time, that is, sparsely seedlings are removed. Seedling spacing 8 cm to 10 cm, to ensure that each seedling has a suitable growth space in order to cultivate strong seedlings. In order to save seedlings, normal seedlings that have been pulled out can be transplanted to other seedbeds for cultivation and utilization. 3 temperature management. For temperature-controlling nursery sites, raise the temperature after sowing and before emergence to promote the seed to be unearthed as soon as possible. When the seedlings begin to go out, they begin to release the wind to lower the temperature and prevent the seedlings from growing too long. The temperature is controlled at 25°C to 30°C during the day and 12°C to 18°C ​​at night. As the seedlings continue to grow, the grass cover must be covered as early as possible to extend the sunshine duration. When the outside minimum temperature is above 8°C, it will not cover grasshoppers in the evening and gradually increase the ventilation and ventilation time during the day; when the outside minimum temperature exceeds 12°C, the night air outlet will be left. 8 days to 10 days before planting, the film was removed and the seedlings were ready for planting. 4 cultivating loose soil. Using seedlings for seedling drilling, cultivating tillage 3 to 4 times between the beginning of seedling growth and watering, in order to increase ground temperature, enhance soil permeability, and create a good soil environment for seedling growth. 5 leaf top dressing. After the seedlings grow 2 to 3 true leaves, in order to cultivate strong seedlings, the foliage is topdressed once every 8 days to 10 days, and 0.3% to 0.5% of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are sprayed. Mixture. When the seedlings grow more than 5 true leaves, more than 10 cm tall, they can be planted with seedlings.
7. Planting seedlings 1 colonization suitable period. The earliest after the end of the night box, the latest planting by the end of May, to ensure that the seedlings have enough growth time, can grow into a high 1 meter to 1.5 meters, dry and thick 1.5 cm more substantial seedlings. 2 Soil fertigation. Choose high-land, can irrigation and easy to row, soil fertile land, combined with ploughing the land, per acre Shi Man farmyard fertilizer 5000 kg, compound fertilizer 30 kg ~ 40 kg, and chopped flat, made 1 meter wide, long 8 to 10 meters flat. 3 planting methods. Plant 3 rows of furrows per plant. Plant the seedlings with pods in the furrow at a distance of about 20 centimeters from each other, and plant 9000 plants to 11,000 plants per acre. Excessive density is not conducive to nurturing strong seedlings. Watering in time after planting.
8. Management after planting 1 Watering. The new roots of citrons are slow. During the period from the time of planting to the emergence of new roots, the soil should be kept moist and generally need to be poured 2 to 3 times; June to August should be suitable for dry seeing; the rainy season should be based on rainfall. The situation is flexible and watering, and at the same time, pay attention to the fact that there is no stagnant water in the fields after the rain; after mid-September, the weather gradually cools down and the plants grow slower in the longitudinal direction, which means that they will enter the affluence stage, and watering should be properly controlled to prevent further drawing and tipping. 2 top dressing. In late June, the growth rate of Toona sinensis accelerated, and the period from mid-July to mid-August was a period of rapid growth. After mid-September, the upper part of the branches shortened and new leaves ceased to accumulate. The accumulation of nutrients accelerated and they entered the full period of shoots and buds. According to the growth characteristics of Xiangmu seedlings, in the early July re-application of a fertilizer, top-dressing 25 kg ~ 30 kg of ammonium per acre, or urea 15 kg ~ 20 kg; in early August and then top-dressing 1 per acre topdressing Ammonium sulphate 20 kg or urea 15 kg; in September, topdressing of nitrogen fertilizers was stopped to prevent the growth of seedlings “greedinessâ€, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate could be sprayed with 300 times solution for every 7 days to 10 days. - 4 times. 3 Cultivated weeding. 3 to 4 times of cultivating tillage after planting to plant ridges to promote the root system to the deep soil development. At the same time eradicate weeds to prevent weeds and seedlings from competing for nutrients. Dwarf treatment. To control the height of Toona sinensis seedlings, shorten the length of internodes and leaves, ensure that the top buds and lateral buds are plump and full, and adapt to the space in the greenhouse, and the dwarfing effect of spraying plant growth inhibition hormones is good. The method is: When the height of seedlings is more than 50 cm, spray 15% of paclobutrazol powder 2000 times at the top of seedlings every 10 days, and spray 3 times to 5 times.
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