As early as the 1930s, Zeng Tao published the article “Ginkgo biloba in Zhuji of Zhejiangâ€, which listed three or four “ginger varieties†of Zhuoji in Zhuji, Zhejiang. These “variants†can also be regarded as “varieties†in production. Mr. Zeng Zeng’s opinion on the classification of ginkgo at the time still has certain guiding significance.
In 1978, Zheng Wancui et al. introduced 12 "variations" such as the Da Ma Ling in the seventh volume of Flora. It is also the naming of some of the varieties that appear on the production from the point of view of plant taxonomy. The main basis for its classification is the difference in morphology, which also includes Mr. Zeng’s opinion. He Fengren, Jiangsu Agricultural College. After long-term research, from the perspective of the cultivation of dried fruits, it is advocated that the type of ginkgo be divided according to the following criteria. This standard can also be used to classify the varieties of Ginkgo biloba.
Type Aspect Ratio Long and wide line intersection location
Long light welcomes the midpoint of 2.0 long line
Brahman type 1.5 long line base l/3
1.2 long lines on the horsebell type on the base 2/3
Mei nuclear four 1.2 long line midpoint
Round Seed Type 1.0 Long Line Midpoint
The ratio of length to width of ginkgo seed kernels is referred to as the karyotype index. According to the actual measurement of a part of Ginkgo biloba seed cultivars, even if it is collected from the same plant, its karyotype index will also have some changes. However, in general, this change is small, with a coefficient of variation of about 4%. It can be seen that the type of ginkgo is mainly based on the karyotype index. This method is still desirable.
However, the karyotypic index of seed cultivars of real-life Ginkgo biloba varies between 1.0 and 2.0. In some cases, it may even exceed this range. Therefore, when demarcating specific types, it is best to divide them according to a certain range. According to the preliminary analysis, it is appropriate to divide the ginkgo into four types with the nuclear index of 1.2, 1.3, 1.5, and 1.7 as the boundary, ie less than 1.2 for the round seed type, 1.2-1.3 for the plum kernel type, and 1.3-1.5. For the type of horse, 1.5-1.7 is for bergamot type, and greater than 1.7 is for long seed type.
Considering that the leaf-seeded ginkgo has a unique reproductive mechanism, it can also be divided into a single type.
There are many factors affecting the size of Ginkgo biloba in production, so even if it is from the same single plant, different individual plants that are harvested and propagated on the same plant, or even on the same tree, the nuclear yield, single nuclear weight, karyotype index and thickness rate There will be some variation. Sometimes, the same plant not only can see the difference between the seed traits, but also can see the obvious difference in seed characteristics, these phenomena show that there is a lot of ginkgo tree sprouts. In spite of this, from a large perspective, the fruit traits in the varieties are relatively stable.
A general survey of ginkgo resources across China revealed that the karyotype of Ginkgo biloba can be attributed to these five types. However, different fine plants belonging to the same karyotype may also be very different in other aspects, such as leafing early or late, maturing sooner or later, the whole seed color being deep and shallow, and the number of oil spots Less, there are high and low nuclear output rates. These single plants are clonally propagated; after a certain scale of production has been established, they can become new species. This shows that many different species can be formed within the same karyotype.
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