Winter is not only a time for golden pomelo trees to accumulate nutrients, but also a critical period for flower bud differentiation. To ensure healthy fruit production in the following season, proper winter management—such as fertilization, pruning, and garden cleanup—is essential.
First, tree fertilization. After harvesting, it's crucial to restore the tree's vitality. Some growers mistakenly dig trenches and apply organic fertilizer immediately, which can damage the roots when the tree is still weak. Instead, it's better to water the trees first, especially in dry conditions, and then apply fertilizer based on the tree’s strength. Healthy trees can receive urea or imported compound fertilizer (0.5–1 kg), along with diluted manure water (2–3 times). For older or weaker trees, applying fertilizer every five to seven days for three consecutive times, while increasing water, is more effective. From mid-November, spraying 20 ppm of 2,4-D mixed with 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate helps protect leaves during winter.
Second, pruning. Pruning aims to reduce disease sources, improve air circulation, and enhance photosynthesis. It involves removing diseased, dead, or crossing branches, as well as thinning out weak shoots and overgrown branches. This helps maintain a balanced structure and promotes better growth.
Third, spraying. Winter spraying should focus on preserving green leaves. With increasing pest and disease issues, it's important to use appropriate pesticides and fungicides. Options include 50% mancozeb at 500 times dilution or 75% chlorothalonil at 700 times, combined with new high-fat film. Spraying every 5–7 days, followed by a 1° Bé lime sulfur solution or 95% engine oil emulsion, helps eliminate overwintering pests and diseases.
Fourth, soil fertilization. In mid-to-late November, after the tree has recovered, apply fertilizer. Healthy trees can get 2.5–3.5 kg of bran fertilizer, 25 kg of decomposed chicken manure, and 1.5 kg of phosphate powder per tree. Adding 0.25 kg of magnesium sulfate and 50 g of borax improves nutrient balance. Fertilizer should be evenly distributed and mixed into the soil to avoid root burn.
Fifth, garden tilling and trunk protection. Tilling the soil in winter reduces pests and improves soil structure. Apply lime powder (30–50 kg per mu) and till the soil 3–5 inches deep. Fill exposed roots with quality materials and clear drainage systems. Trunks can be treated with a mixture of Bordeaux or lime sulfur to protect against cold and disease.
Sixth, water control. During winter, fruit-bearing trees need moderate drought, except during the recovery phase. This encourages flower bud development. After the winter solstice, as flower buds mature, water needs increase. Ensuring consistent moisture is vital for healthy growth and prevents delays in spring shoot and flower bud development. Proper irrigation during winter ensures the tree remains strong and ready for the next growing season. (China Plant Protection Network: Wei Linfei)
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