In recent years, in the practice of production, we have adopted the method of rapid cultivation of intimacy in the greenhouse to obtain the results of sexual maturation of two winter nymphs. Through the observation of breeding experiments, the breeding rate of the inbreeds is 100%. The egg production amount reached an average of 43 eggs per production. The cultivation methods and test results are reported below.
1 Test conditions and methods
1.1 Test Conditions 1 Test Site Situation This test was conducted at a turtle farm of the Jianli People's Dayu Farm. The site was completed in 1993. Its production scale includes eight 20-acre nursery ponds (earth ponds), 80 production pools (cement pools), each 100m2 8,000m2, five greenhouses, and a rearing area of ​​approximately 2,500m2. . Annual production capacity reached 70,000 in 96 years and 25 tons or more in Chengyu, including about 10 tons. In the past three years, not only has it gained good economic benefits, but it has also explored an effective way to quickly develop family relationships and provided a large number of high-quality seedlings for neighboring provinces and cities, which will play a role in promoting the development of the aquaculture industry in the region.
2 Greenhouse Facilities and Construction The scientific structure of the greenhouse and the quality of the construction are important conditions for the rapid development of important facilities. The greenhouse is a fully-enclosed steel-framed concrete permanent structure. The roof and surrounding walls are filled with thermal insulation materials. The windows are double-layered. This greenhouse has good sealing performance, less heat loss, and high insulation stability.
3 Whole pond structure The greenhouse pond is double-layered. This design makes full use of the indoor space and thermal energy, thereby reducing the cost of infrastructure and the structure of the materials. Each pond area is 10m2 in the lower layer, 8m2 in the upper layer, and 0.9-1 m deep in the pool. The construction of Chizi is a masonry cement structure. The bottom of the pool is covered with a thermal insulation layer. Each pool has an independent intake and drainage system and feeding facilities.
4 Greenhouse Heating Facilities A reasonable heating system is an important condition for greenhouse warming and heat preservation. The heat source of this field is provided by the boiler heating, and it enters the greenhouse through the heating pipe, and the radiator dissipates heat in the greenhouse to achieve the effect of increasing the water temperature at room temperature. Changing the entire pool is accomplished by adjusting the pool to provide hot water.
5 Oxygen-increasing facilities The oxygen-increasing facilities in the greenhouses are necessary conditions. The field is a fully enclosed greenhouse. It uses physical methods to increase oxygen. Two magnetic air compressors are used in the production, and the air pressure in the whole pool is input through the air supply pipe, thereby increasing the dissolved oxygen in the water.
1.2 Culture methods One species of alfalfa used in the source test were all from the larvae in this field. Therefore, they could provide the required species for the trial on time, as well as ensure the quality of the trial materials, and lay solid materials for rapid breeding. basis.
(2) The time for feeding the earthworms into the greenhouse should be sooner rather than later, taking the best growing water temperature as the standard, ie, the hatchlings are kept in the holding pool before the outside temperature drops to the suitable growth water temperature range. Our production practice proves that the cerium entering the greenhouse from mid-August to early-September is growing faster.
Restocking density, adhere to the principle of dilute and rapid development, while considering the scale of production and the number of species to determine the specific amount. Generally, when the stocking densities are suitable for stocking density of 25-28/m2 to 100-150 g/kg, the stocking is conducted in a timely manner, and the density is 14-16/m2.
3 Feeding Management Water quality regulates water sources for river or well water. In the rearing process, water is generally added to the entire pool and the water exchange is not directly applied to the source of the water. It is necessary to heat in the conditioning tank, add oxygen, and treat the water before entering the entire pool. Strictly control the temperature difference between the pool water temperature and pool water temperature does not exceed 2 °C, so as not to affect the growth of loquat spawning stress.
The pool water depth is controlled between 35-50cm, and the amount of water in the pool increases with the individual. Regular exchange of pool water is an important measure to regulate water quality: Generally, it takes 7-10 days to exchange the pool water, and regular use of quicklime is an effective method to improve water quality. The specific application time is stable according to the change of water quality.
All feeds in the greenhouse are fed to artificially fed quail-specific feeds, and their crude protein content is controlled within the range of 45-48%. The feeding amount is 3-5% in the juvenile stage and 2-3% in the juvenile and adult stage. The daily feeding quantity is fed twice in the morning, ie 8-9 am, 4-5 pm, bait Both were placed on a ramp that was slightly above the water.
Temperature regulation, regulation of optimal growth water temperature and constant room temperature are important management measures to promote the rapid growth of caries and reduce the incidence of caries. We use the method of heating water temperature at room temperature, can be higher than the water temperature at room temperature, the general room temperature control at 331 °C, before the water temperature can be maintained at 301 °C for a long time, while regularly add hot water into the pool.
1.3 Intimate Breeding and Breeding Methods 1 Intimate selection The stocking and intimacy is to go out of the greenhouse and the specifications are about 40065 g/mole. The clams are kept for 3 months in the Chengchi Pond, and the specifications increase to 650 g/only. Between the 650 and 750 grams of body weight, 432 females and 100 males were selected and placed in an intimacy pond with an area of ​​1200 m2. The stocking density was about 0.4-0.5/m2, and they were used for wintering outdoors.
(2) Feeding The main feed is fresh animal feed. In May-June and September-October, that is, in the early and late stages of egg production, pig liver is mainly fed every morning and salmon meat is fed in the afternoon. - All squid were fed in August. The amount fed is about 5-8% of the body weight of the rearing carp.
3 pool water control pool water depth maintained at 1.5-1.8 meters, and according to changes in water quality every 15 days exchange of pool water, the exchange of water pool pool water depth of 30cm, once a month lime, the transparency of the pool remained at about 30cm, The water color is suitable for green.
4 Breeding facilities and methods to be taken. On the side of the pro-Cho pond to Xiangyang, an egg-laying shed with an area of ​​about 6m2 was built, and about 20cm of river sand was laid for the digging of eggs.
During egg breeding, during the breeding period, digging eggs are laid every morning in the egg production shed, placed on egg collection sand trays and brought back to the greenhouse. After 24 hours of incubation, the fertilized eggs are selected and incubated in the incubation pool for constant temperature incubation. During the egg collection process, the number of nests, egg production and fertilization rate should be recorded.
2 test results
2.1 Growth and gonadal development of the clams in the greenhouse We measured the growth of cockroaches in the 9th pool of the third warm house during the entire feeding period. The results are now listed in Table (1).
From August 8th, 1994, 8 to 10 grams of juveniles were placed in the greenhouse, and they were kept for 132 days. On December 20th, the average body weight was about 175 grams per day. The average weight is about 1.25 grams, the feed coefficient is 1.9, and the survival rate of the group is 88%. After grading and sparse density, they were reared to the pool on June 4, 1995. The average individual size reached 485 g/body, the average daily weight gain was 1.84 g/only, the survival rate was 96%, and the feed coefficient was only about 2.0-2.2. .
Observing the female gonad development, an 8-month-old female larva was dissected and the gonads developed to a small growth period. The 10-month-old female pupa was dissected and the gonadal development entered a large growth period. There were a large number of large, medium, and small types of eggs, including large ones. The number of eggs is between 15 and 18, and the egg diameter reaches 9-15 mm.
2.2 The inbreeding of inbreeding is carried out during the wintering period (actually 14 to 15 months old), the specification reaches 650-750 g/body, the gonadal development enters the mature stage, the diameter of the egg granules reaches 15-19 mm, and some individuals are large Eggs move toward the fallopian tube. After prolonged wintering, eggs are laid on May 24 of the following year (1996), and egg production is completed on October 5, and their reproduction is shown in Table 2.
It shows that the reproduction rate of two-year-old females is high. For example, in August and August, the number of laying eggs is 1.35 and 1.56 times respectively, that is, about 3 eggs are produced within 60 days, and each egg production period is counted at an interval of 20-25 days. During this period, each quail has 2-3 breeding times. And egg production is also high.
1 Test conditions and methods
1.1 Test Conditions 1 Test Site Situation This test was conducted at a turtle farm of the Jianli People's Dayu Farm. The site was completed in 1993. Its production scale includes eight 20-acre nursery ponds (earth ponds), 80 production pools (cement pools), each 100m2 8,000m2, five greenhouses, and a rearing area of ​​approximately 2,500m2. . Annual production capacity reached 70,000 in 96 years and 25 tons or more in Chengyu, including about 10 tons. In the past three years, not only has it gained good economic benefits, but it has also explored an effective way to quickly develop family relationships and provided a large number of high-quality seedlings for neighboring provinces and cities, which will play a role in promoting the development of the aquaculture industry in the region.
2 Greenhouse Facilities and Construction The scientific structure of the greenhouse and the quality of the construction are important conditions for the rapid development of important facilities. The greenhouse is a fully-enclosed steel-framed concrete permanent structure. The roof and surrounding walls are filled with thermal insulation materials. The windows are double-layered. This greenhouse has good sealing performance, less heat loss, and high insulation stability.
3 Whole pond structure The greenhouse pond is double-layered. This design makes full use of the indoor space and thermal energy, thereby reducing the cost of infrastructure and the structure of the materials. Each pond area is 10m2 in the lower layer, 8m2 in the upper layer, and 0.9-1 m deep in the pool. The construction of Chizi is a masonry cement structure. The bottom of the pool is covered with a thermal insulation layer. Each pool has an independent intake and drainage system and feeding facilities.
4 Greenhouse Heating Facilities A reasonable heating system is an important condition for greenhouse warming and heat preservation. The heat source of this field is provided by the boiler heating, and it enters the greenhouse through the heating pipe, and the radiator dissipates heat in the greenhouse to achieve the effect of increasing the water temperature at room temperature. Changing the entire pool is accomplished by adjusting the pool to provide hot water.
5 Oxygen-increasing facilities The oxygen-increasing facilities in the greenhouses are necessary conditions. The field is a fully enclosed greenhouse. It uses physical methods to increase oxygen. Two magnetic air compressors are used in the production, and the air pressure in the whole pool is input through the air supply pipe, thereby increasing the dissolved oxygen in the water.
1.2 Culture methods One species of alfalfa used in the source test were all from the larvae in this field. Therefore, they could provide the required species for the trial on time, as well as ensure the quality of the trial materials, and lay solid materials for rapid breeding. basis.
(2) The time for feeding the earthworms into the greenhouse should be sooner rather than later, taking the best growing water temperature as the standard, ie, the hatchlings are kept in the holding pool before the outside temperature drops to the suitable growth water temperature range. Our production practice proves that the cerium entering the greenhouse from mid-August to early-September is growing faster.
Restocking density, adhere to the principle of dilute and rapid development, while considering the scale of production and the number of species to determine the specific amount. Generally, when the stocking densities are suitable for stocking density of 25-28/m2 to 100-150 g/kg, the stocking is conducted in a timely manner, and the density is 14-16/m2.
3 Feeding Management Water quality regulates water sources for river or well water. In the rearing process, water is generally added to the entire pool and the water exchange is not directly applied to the source of the water. It is necessary to heat in the conditioning tank, add oxygen, and treat the water before entering the entire pool. Strictly control the temperature difference between the pool water temperature and pool water temperature does not exceed 2 °C, so as not to affect the growth of loquat spawning stress.
The pool water depth is controlled between 35-50cm, and the amount of water in the pool increases with the individual. Regular exchange of pool water is an important measure to regulate water quality: Generally, it takes 7-10 days to exchange the pool water, and regular use of quicklime is an effective method to improve water quality. The specific application time is stable according to the change of water quality.
All feeds in the greenhouse are fed to artificially fed quail-specific feeds, and their crude protein content is controlled within the range of 45-48%. The feeding amount is 3-5% in the juvenile stage and 2-3% in the juvenile and adult stage. The daily feeding quantity is fed twice in the morning, ie 8-9 am, 4-5 pm, bait Both were placed on a ramp that was slightly above the water.
Temperature regulation, regulation of optimal growth water temperature and constant room temperature are important management measures to promote the rapid growth of caries and reduce the incidence of caries. We use the method of heating water temperature at room temperature, can be higher than the water temperature at room temperature, the general room temperature control at 331 °C, before the water temperature can be maintained at 301 °C for a long time, while regularly add hot water into the pool.
1.3 Intimate Breeding and Breeding Methods 1 Intimate selection The stocking and intimacy is to go out of the greenhouse and the specifications are about 40065 g/mole. The clams are kept for 3 months in the Chengchi Pond, and the specifications increase to 650 g/only. Between the 650 and 750 grams of body weight, 432 females and 100 males were selected and placed in an intimacy pond with an area of ​​1200 m2. The stocking density was about 0.4-0.5/m2, and they were used for wintering outdoors.
(2) Feeding The main feed is fresh animal feed. In May-June and September-October, that is, in the early and late stages of egg production, pig liver is mainly fed every morning and salmon meat is fed in the afternoon. - All squid were fed in August. The amount fed is about 5-8% of the body weight of the rearing carp.
3 pool water control pool water depth maintained at 1.5-1.8 meters, and according to changes in water quality every 15 days exchange of pool water, the exchange of water pool pool water depth of 30cm, once a month lime, the transparency of the pool remained at about 30cm, The water color is suitable for green.
4 Breeding facilities and methods to be taken. On the side of the pro-Cho pond to Xiangyang, an egg-laying shed with an area of ​​about 6m2 was built, and about 20cm of river sand was laid for the digging of eggs.
During egg breeding, during the breeding period, digging eggs are laid every morning in the egg production shed, placed on egg collection sand trays and brought back to the greenhouse. After 24 hours of incubation, the fertilized eggs are selected and incubated in the incubation pool for constant temperature incubation. During the egg collection process, the number of nests, egg production and fertilization rate should be recorded.
2 test results
2.1 Growth and gonadal development of the clams in the greenhouse We measured the growth of cockroaches in the 9th pool of the third warm house during the entire feeding period. The results are now listed in Table (1).
From August 8th, 1994, 8 to 10 grams of juveniles were placed in the greenhouse, and they were kept for 132 days. On December 20th, the average body weight was about 175 grams per day. The average weight is about 1.25 grams, the feed coefficient is 1.9, and the survival rate of the group is 88%. After grading and sparse density, they were reared to the pool on June 4, 1995. The average individual size reached 485 g/body, the average daily weight gain was 1.84 g/only, the survival rate was 96%, and the feed coefficient was only about 2.0-2.2. .
Observing the female gonad development, an 8-month-old female larva was dissected and the gonads developed to a small growth period. The 10-month-old female pupa was dissected and the gonadal development entered a large growth period. There were a large number of large, medium, and small types of eggs, including large ones. The number of eggs is between 15 and 18, and the egg diameter reaches 9-15 mm.
2.2 The inbreeding of inbreeding is carried out during the wintering period (actually 14 to 15 months old), the specification reaches 650-750 g/body, the gonadal development enters the mature stage, the diameter of the egg granules reaches 15-19 mm, and some individuals are large Eggs move toward the fallopian tube. After prolonged wintering, eggs are laid on May 24 of the following year (1996), and egg production is completed on October 5, and their reproduction is shown in Table 2.
It shows that the reproduction rate of two-year-old females is high. For example, in August and August, the number of laying eggs is 1.35 and 1.56 times respectively, that is, about 3 eggs are produced within 60 days, and each egg production period is counted at an interval of 20-25 days. During this period, each quail has 2-3 breeding times. And egg production is also high.
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