The golden pheasant was originally a famous ornamental bird in the world. In recent years, aquaculture has just begun to develop. The breeding techniques are now described as follows:
(A) Biological characteristics The distribution of golden pheasants is limited to the central and mid-west regions of China. Wild pheasant is arboreal and lives in an evergreen broad-leaved forest or shrubbery bamboo forest of several hundred meters to 4,000 meters above sea level. Food is mainly plant. Such as grass seeds, ferns, shrub buds, flowers and berries, like to eat wild cherry, fern, ferret, and so on. Larvae of insectivorous insects during the breeding period sometimes also feed crops. Usually alone or in pairs, the winter often 10 to 20 groups of activities, in addition to hatching and brooding hens, golden pheasants inhabit the tree at night.
(2) The form of cages for breeding cages can be determined according to the specific circumstances. Bi-column and single-row cages are more commonly used. Single-row cages are suitable for medium and small-scale breeding, and double-row cages are suitable for large-scale breeding. No matter what kind of cages, the width should be less than the length, and the length-to-width ratio should be 5:1 or 4:1. This type of cage allows the broiler to have a longer distance to move. It is appropriate to raise 8 to 10 square meters of cages for a pair of golden pheasants or males and females. Each cage is made up of habitats and sports grounds. The habitat area is 1 to 2 square meters. It is located at one end of the cage to accommodate the golden pheasants at night and shelter from wind and rain. The rest of the cage house is a sports ground. It is a place where Jin chicken eats and plays.
(III) Reproduction and incubation
1. Breed. The 1 year old pheasant has the behavior and reproduction ability of courtship and is the breeding season from April to July every year. When ferrets are bred artificially, males of about 2 years old should be selected, and their feathers should be bright and frequent. The hens can breed after 1 year old. Normal individuals should be selected as breeding hens. Generally, a cock is equipped with 2～ 3 hens. In the breeding season, golden pheasant breeds 5 to 9 eggs per nest and then hatches its own nests. One to two litters of eggs can be produced each year, and eggs can be produced more easily if the conditions of artificial rearing are good.
2. Incubation. The chicken's incubation period is 22 to 24 days. Incubation can be hatched with chickens or hatched with an electric incubator. Each chicken hatching eggs 15 to 20, not too much. The sterilized eggs are cleaned with a clean cloth to allow hatching. After hatching, check eggs every 5 to 7 days and pick out unfertilized eggs. When the second egg is hatched for 14 days, the eggs of the dead embryos are picked; when the hatching reaches 21 to 22 days, 40°C warm water is available. Bath eggs once. When the egg is placed in water, the well-developed egg flies around, and the dead embryo does not swing. When using an electric incubator to hatch, the temperature should be controlled at 38 °C ~ 38.5 °C, and the humidity is maintained at 65% ~ 70%. Both the temperature and humidity are too high and too low to be harmful to hatching.
(IV) Feeding and Management
1. Broiler chicken breeding. The outside of the brood should be covered with fine sand or short straw and straw. Before Broiler chicks move into the brooding room, the brooding room and utensils need to be disinfected. The brooding room was sprayed with 0.5% benzalkonium chloride solution, and the feeding utensils and utensils were soaked and washed with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution. When the brooding room is moved into multiple nests of young pheasants at the same time, the brooding room can be divided into several rooms with cardboard. Each nest is placed in a nest. Incubated chick hens are not allowed to be mixed with hens. Otherwise, hatching chickens can recognize that they are not Chicks hatched by myself. Broilers hatched in an electric incubator or chicks collected in the wild need to be reared in artificial brooders. The bottom of the box is covered with fine sand or short grass, and the trough and sink are placed. The box wall is equipped with 1 to 2 thermometers, and a small piece of glass is installed at the top as the observation window. Chicks at 1 to 3 days of age, box temperature 32°C; 4 to 7 days of age at 30°C; 8 to 12 days of age at 28°C; 13 to 20 days of age at 25°C; after 20 days of age, at normal room temperature conditions Feeding. Feeds of young broody chickens use cooked egg yolks and bread worms for the first few days. They are fed 5 to 6 times a day. The amount of each feed should not be too high. After 3 days of age, add 5% to 10% glucose solution of oxytetracycline as appropriate to prevent intestinal diseases; after 7 days, 40% of commercial chicken feed, 25% of cooked egg yolk, 25% of bread worm, 10% of green feed is fed; 30 to 60 days of age can be prepared as 50% of commercial chick feed, 10% of cooked egg yolk, 10% of breadworm, 5% of peanut flour and soybean flour, and 20% of green feed. Feeding; After 60 days of age, young chickens are fed.
2. Breeding of pheasant during the rearing stage. The 60-day-old golden pheasant is similar to adult hens in that it is only slightly smaller. The adaptability to climate change and the resistance to disease are significantly stronger than those of chicks. This time, they should be fed into cages for rearing. Breeding density of 2 to 3 cages per square meter is appropriate. Perches, troughs and troughs can be added to the cages to ensure that each bird can eat and drink. The feed for young pheasants is mainly marketed chicken feed, and appropriate amounts of crushed peanuts, bread worms and green feed are fed as appropriate. When converting from chick feed to young chicken feed, the concentrate should be gradually reduced. One year old male pheasant can be fed entirely with commercial chicken feed. One year old female pheasant has reproductive ability, and it is best to keep male and female breeding. 90-day-old rooster feathers have changed, and ministers of occipital excretion are easy to distinguish from females.
3. Kind of feeding and management of golden pheasants. The feed for rearing breeder chickens is mainly based on commercially available breeder feed. However, grease and animal foods such as peanuts, sunflower seeds, bread worms, and locusts should be given more in the pre-breeding and breeding seasons. Special attention must be paid to adequate supply. Green feed. In the breeding season, nest boxes are placed in cages or artificial nests are set in habitats. Egg production is checked every evening and eggs are removed in time.
(A) Biological characteristics The distribution of golden pheasants is limited to the central and mid-west regions of China. Wild pheasant is arboreal and lives in an evergreen broad-leaved forest or shrubbery bamboo forest of several hundred meters to 4,000 meters above sea level. Food is mainly plant. Such as grass seeds, ferns, shrub buds, flowers and berries, like to eat wild cherry, fern, ferret, and so on. Larvae of insectivorous insects during the breeding period sometimes also feed crops. Usually alone or in pairs, the winter often 10 to 20 groups of activities, in addition to hatching and brooding hens, golden pheasants inhabit the tree at night.
(2) The form of cages for breeding cages can be determined according to the specific circumstances. Bi-column and single-row cages are more commonly used. Single-row cages are suitable for medium and small-scale breeding, and double-row cages are suitable for large-scale breeding. No matter what kind of cages, the width should be less than the length, and the length-to-width ratio should be 5:1 or 4:1. This type of cage allows the broiler to have a longer distance to move. It is appropriate to raise 8 to 10 square meters of cages for a pair of golden pheasants or males and females. Each cage is made up of habitats and sports grounds. The habitat area is 1 to 2 square meters. It is located at one end of the cage to accommodate the golden pheasants at night and shelter from wind and rain. The rest of the cage house is a sports ground. It is a place where Jin chicken eats and plays.
(III) Reproduction and incubation
1. Breed. The 1 year old pheasant has the behavior and reproduction ability of courtship and is the breeding season from April to July every year. When ferrets are bred artificially, males of about 2 years old should be selected, and their feathers should be bright and frequent. The hens can breed after 1 year old. Normal individuals should be selected as breeding hens. Generally, a cock is equipped with 2～ 3 hens. In the breeding season, golden pheasant breeds 5 to 9 eggs per nest and then hatches its own nests. One to two litters of eggs can be produced each year, and eggs can be produced more easily if the conditions of artificial rearing are good.
2. Incubation. The chicken's incubation period is 22 to 24 days. Incubation can be hatched with chickens or hatched with an electric incubator. Each chicken hatching eggs 15 to 20, not too much. The sterilized eggs are cleaned with a clean cloth to allow hatching. After hatching, check eggs every 5 to 7 days and pick out unfertilized eggs. When the second egg is hatched for 14 days, the eggs of the dead embryos are picked; when the hatching reaches 21 to 22 days, 40°C warm water is available. Bath eggs once. When the egg is placed in water, the well-developed egg flies around, and the dead embryo does not swing. When using an electric incubator to hatch, the temperature should be controlled at 38 °C ~ 38.5 °C, and the humidity is maintained at 65% ~ 70%. Both the temperature and humidity are too high and too low to be harmful to hatching.
(IV) Feeding and Management
1. Broiler chicken breeding. The outside of the brood should be covered with fine sand or short straw and straw. Before Broiler chicks move into the brooding room, the brooding room and utensils need to be disinfected. The brooding room was sprayed with 0.5% benzalkonium chloride solution, and the feeding utensils and utensils were soaked and washed with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution. When the brooding room is moved into multiple nests of young pheasants at the same time, the brooding room can be divided into several rooms with cardboard. Each nest is placed in a nest. Incubated chick hens are not allowed to be mixed with hens. Otherwise, hatching chickens can recognize that they are not Chicks hatched by myself. Broilers hatched in an electric incubator or chicks collected in the wild need to be reared in artificial brooders. The bottom of the box is covered with fine sand or short grass, and the trough and sink are placed. The box wall is equipped with 1 to 2 thermometers, and a small piece of glass is installed at the top as the observation window. Chicks at 1 to 3 days of age, box temperature 32°C; 4 to 7 days of age at 30°C; 8 to 12 days of age at 28°C; 13 to 20 days of age at 25°C; after 20 days of age, at normal room temperature conditions Feeding. Feeds of young broody chickens use cooked egg yolks and bread worms for the first few days. They are fed 5 to 6 times a day. The amount of each feed should not be too high. After 3 days of age, add 5% to 10% glucose solution of oxytetracycline as appropriate to prevent intestinal diseases; after 7 days, 40% of commercial chicken feed, 25% of cooked egg yolk, 25% of bread worm, 10% of green feed is fed; 30 to 60 days of age can be prepared as 50% of commercial chick feed, 10% of cooked egg yolk, 10% of breadworm, 5% of peanut flour and soybean flour, and 20% of green feed. Feeding; After 60 days of age, young chickens are fed.
2. Breeding of pheasant during the rearing stage. The 60-day-old golden pheasant is similar to adult hens in that it is only slightly smaller. The adaptability to climate change and the resistance to disease are significantly stronger than those of chicks. This time, they should be fed into cages for rearing. Breeding density of 2 to 3 cages per square meter is appropriate. Perches, troughs and troughs can be added to the cages to ensure that each bird can eat and drink. The feed for young pheasants is mainly marketed chicken feed, and appropriate amounts of crushed peanuts, bread worms and green feed are fed as appropriate. When converting from chick feed to young chicken feed, the concentrate should be gradually reduced. One year old male pheasant can be fed entirely with commercial chicken feed. One year old female pheasant has reproductive ability, and it is best to keep male and female breeding. 90-day-old rooster feathers have changed, and ministers of occipital excretion are easy to distinguish from females.
3. Kind of feeding and management of golden pheasants. The feed for rearing breeder chickens is mainly based on commercially available breeder feed. However, grease and animal foods such as peanuts, sunflower seeds, bread worms, and locusts should be given more in the pre-breeding and breeding seasons. Special attention must be paid to adequate supply. Green feed. In the breeding season, nest boxes are placed in cages or artificial nests are set in habitats. Egg production is checked every evening and eggs are removed in time.
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