Mango cultivation requirements for ecological environment

(I) Distribution area China's mangoes are mainly distributed in seven provinces (autonomous regions) such as Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Fujian, Sichuan, and Taiwan. There are mango plantings in Hainan, of which the most cultivated areas are Eastern, Changjiang, Ledong, and Qiong; in Guangdong Province, except for the mountainous areas in northern Guangdong, mangoes are planted in other parts of the country, and the main producing areas are concentrated in Zhanjiang, Maoming and the Pearl River Delta. In other regions, Guangxi's major mango production areas are concentrated in areas such as Baise, Qinzhou, Nanning, Yulin, and Liuzhou; in Yunnan Province, mangoes are mainly distributed in Honghe, Simao, Yuxi, Xishuangbanna and other places; Fujian's mango major production areas are concentrated in Anxi, In Putian, Fuzhou and other places, mangoes in Sichuan are mainly distributed in the cities of Huiquan, Huili, Ningnan, etc. in Panzhihua and Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture; Taiwan’s mangoes are mainly distributed in the southeastern region of Taiwan and in Taichung, Tainan. Zuoying, Xinhua, Yujing and other places.
(B) Requirements for environmental conditions
1. The temperature of mango is a tropical evergreen fruit tree, hi-temperature, not cold, avoid cold and rainy weather during flowering. The effective temperature for the growth of mango is 15-35°C, and the optimum temperature for growth is 24-27°C. It can be normally fertilized by flowering above 20°C, and below 20°C, the anther does not crack and the pollen does not germinate, affecting the results. According to the meteorological data of 1996, the low-temperature weather of 1-2°C occurred during the flowering of mangoes in Guangzhou, resulting in a large number of frozen mango spikes. The saplings can be killed at -3°C, and large trees can also be seriously frostbite. Therefore, the local temperature determines the limit of mango suitable planting. Some sources believe that the northern limit of mango introduced in China is 2743' north latitude (Pingyang, Zhejiang), but generally, the Tropic of Cancer in China is the northern margin of mango economic cultivation. As for the northward shift, the weather conditions in the local area must be considered. To decide whether there are economic cultivation conditions.
2. Water mangoes are more tolerant to drought but not tolerant. Too much water will make Mango's nutrients grow too profusely, which is not conducive to flowering results. At the same time, it will increase the breeding and harm of diseases and insect pests. However, if the soil is too arid, it will cause fruit drop and fruit drop. A long, rainy shower during fruit development can also cause mango cracking. Moderate drought during the critical period of flower bud differentiation is conducive to stop shoot growth and flower bud differentiation. Clear weather during the flowering period, relatively low rainfall, and an irrigated environment are the ideal areas for growing mangoes.
3. The lighted mango is a tropical fruit tree with good temperature and good sunshine. The abundant sunlight is beneficial to the growth and firmness of mango. During the flowering period, the weather is strong, the weather is moderate, and the relative humidity is low, which is conducive to fertilization, high seed setting rate, bright fruit color, strong flavor and storage. The orchard in the north-orientation direction has low output and is prone to pests and diseases due to weak light.
4. Soil mango does not require very strict soil texture and can be planted in all types of soil, from alluvial soils to brick red soils, except in extremely barren saline-alkali lands. Because mango is a kind of deep-rooted fruit tree, it requires a deep, well-drained land with a low groundwater level. Because it is a kind of mycorrhizal plant, it is required that the soil is rich in organic matter, and it has good permeability and pH 5.5-7.0. If the pH of the soil exceeds 7.5 or less than 5, the growth and development of the plants will be affected.

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