Potato greenhouse cultivation experience

Mr. Zhao Jinzhu, from Longsha Town, Longyang Town, Tengzhou City, Shandong Province, cultivated more than 5,000 kilograms of potatoes per mu with an output value of 10,000 yuan. His planting experience is as follows.

1. Virus-free seed potatoes were selected, and Dutch 7 virus-free potatoes introduced from the northeast were used.

Second, seed treatment and preparation of about 200 kg/mu. In mid-January, the planted potatoes were allowed to dry for 1 day at noon. The diseased potatoes, rotten potatoes, and malformed potatoes were removed. After the seed potato was placed in a room at 20-25°C for 15 days, the awakening was completed. After the buds sprouted, the awakening was completed. Then cut into pieces of 20-25 grams each. The large potato is chamfered to the top in a spiral shape, and finally the top part of the buds is cut into 3 pieces, giving it a top advantage. After cutting, in the insulated room, the bottom layer is covered with 5cm thick sand soil, and then the shoots of the potato shoots are turned upwards in order, and they should be flush with each other as far as possible. This method arranges the second and third layers of potato in order. The last layer is covered with 5 cm thick sand covered with grasshoppers. The temperature is 15-25°C. Precipitating bed soil humidity is suitable to be broken into pieces by hand. Germination was performed under low light conditions for 20 days. When the potato shoots are 1-2 cm long, the potato pieces are removed and transferred to a room with scattered light at 10-15°C. When the air is spread, it is best to lay a layer of wet sand. With the help of low temperature and scattered light to control the growth of the terminal buds, it promotes the germination of lateral buds.

3. Build sheds and buckle sheds In early February, three rows of column arches with heights of 200 cm and widths of 8 meters were built with cement columns and bamboo rafts. Timely plastic film, increase soil temperature.

4. Seek 5000 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer per acre, deep plowing before winter, thawing the soil in late spring twice, and leveling the land. Before sowing, use 200 grams of soil conditioner per acre, add 100 kg of water, and spray the surface. In mid-February, where the ground temperature is 10 centimeters deep and above 0 degrees Celsius, sunny days without cold winds are selected. Double row ridge planting. The ridge distance is 80 cm, 2 rows per ridge. The plant spacing is 20-25 cm and the planting density is 6000-8000 plants/mu. On the ridges, 2 shallow grooves are opened at a distance of 20 cm. 10 kg/mu of no-tillage fertilizer was applied to the next plant. Covering depth is 10-12 cm and ridging height is 15 cm. After sowing, the ridge roof is made into a “concave” shape, and then it is covered with a 90-cm wide mulch on the ridge and tightened and compacted.

Five, fine management from sowing to emergence about 20 days. The growth period is maintained at 16-20°C during the day and 12-15°C at night. In the early period of childbirth, a small mouth is opened to remove harmful gases. In mid-to late March, when the temperature reaches 20°C, the ventilation of the greenhouse film is started at 9:00 a.m. and closed at about 3 o'clock in the afternoon. In late April, when the outside air temperature is above 20°C during the day and 12°C or more during the night, it will be fully ventilated overnight. The film is still covered when the temperature is low. During the growing period, bamboo shoots are often used to shake the shed film, so that the water droplets fall on the film and increase the light transmission of the film. After the emergence, the group of trees and the top of the cap were watered once. Two blocks of water are poured during the expansion of the tubers to keep the soil moist. Do not flood the ridges to keep the soil aerated and promote the expansion of the tubers. After capping and during the expansion period, topdressing compound fertilizer was 30g/mu. One-millionth of a natural solution is sprayed once a week.

6. Harvest in due course When the tuber diameter of potato is more than 5-6 cm in the middle of May, it will be harvested.

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