The main points of summer pig house management are hot and humid in summer, and mosquitoes and flies are raging at the same time, which will cause many adverse effects on the pig industry and cause diseases. The adverse effects of the summer on the pig industry include:
1 When the temperature of the high temperature environment is too high, the heat production of the pig is suppressed, thereby reducing feed intake. Although the digestive rate is slightly increased, the increase is not sufficient to compensate for the reduction in nutrition. The increase in heat regulation, in turn, increases energy consumption, which in turn reduces the feed conversion rate, which in turn affects productivity. High temperature is one of the major environmental factors that reduce pig fertility. Because heat stress can reduce the secretion of sex hormones, so that the sow's estrus rate is reduced, and the ecstasy rate is increased. For boars, high temperature acts directly on the pig's testes, causing its temperature to rise, causing degeneration of the fine tube reproductive epithelium, affecting sperm formation and maturation, declining semen quality, and reducing sow fertility.
2 High Humidity Under high temperature conditions, pigs mainly rely on evaporation of heat from the skin and respiratory tract. In the case of high temperature and high humidity, the difference between the water vapor partial pressure on the surface of the pig body and the partial pressure of water vapor in the air decreases, and the evaporative heat dissipation decreases. It is more difficult for pigs to dissipate heat, which intensifies the pig's heat stress. At the same time, high humidity is conducive to the reproduction of various pathogenic microorganisms and parasites, which will increase the incidence of pigs and aggravate the condition of the disease. Pigs are prone to skin diseases such as phlegm, eczema, and the like, and are also likely to cause paratyphoid, piglet diarrhea, swine fever, pigs in piglets. The epidemic of erysipelas and other infectious diseases.
3 Harmful gases Harmful gases include ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. A concentration of 38 mg/m3 ammonia in the pig house will have an adverse effect on the pig's weight gain. At 70-110 mg/m3, it will be sensitive to pig respiratory disease and cause the pig to shake its head, runny nose, and sneeze.
In the summer, the breeding of mosquitoes and flies will affect the rest of pigs and contaminate feed and drinking water, and contagious infectious diseases.
5 Whether a small environment can create a good life for pigs, production of micro-environment and micro-climate, the construction style of the pig house and the construction materials used play a major role.
In order to improve the environment of the pig house under the above various factors, we need to start with the following two major aspects:
1 Using a new type of ecological fermentation bed to raise pigs and pigs in a fermentation bed, the pig house is warm in winter and cool in summer and there is no plague of mosquitoes and flies. In addition, the fermentation bed can completely degrade the pig's excreta and will not produce harmful gases. Protecting the size of the environment; contrasting traditional farming methods will undoubtedly provide a good guarantee for the healthy growth of pigs. 2 The structure of the roof of the pig house should be made of building materials with different thermal conductivity, so that heat radiation can not penetrate the roof into the house. The roof can be in the form of a roof, with the air in the middle to block the radiation. It is also possible to convert the roof of the ceiling and the roof into a ventilated roof, so that air enters through the air inlet, passes through the entire middle layer and is discharged from the air outlet, and reduces the conduction of solar radiant heat into the pig house. Wall insulation can be made of materials with good thermal insulation properties, such as hollow bricks, aerated concrete blocks, and other inflatable materials. Color steel sandwich composite panels can also be used to assemble walls.
In addition, no matter whether it adopts the new breeding technology of the fermentation bed or the traditional method of breeding, the following points need to pay more attention: (1) Ventilation of the pig house must be strengthened. In general, for the building of the east-west building, the front and rear windows can be fully utilized to reduce the temperature in the pig house. Smaller windows can be properly retrofitted to make the windows bigger before the summer arrives. Conditionally installable fans, which promote air circulation when temperatures are too high. 2 must take shade measures. In addition, a certain amount of trees are planted around the pig house. Besides playing a role in greening, they can also play a role in shading. In addition, the construction of a pergola beside the pig house can reduce the temperature of the ground near the pig house. 3 must ensure adequate water. In summer, the demand for water from pigs is relatively large. Therefore, it is advisable to feed in thin foods. At the same time, there must be sufficient supply of clean drinking water in the sink. 4 must strengthen the feeding and management. Reasonably adjust the feeding time and feed best at night. Normally, it is advisable to use 4 o'clock in the morning to 5 o'clock in the morning and 8 o'clock in the evening to 9 o'clock in the evening. Try to avoid feeding at noon time. However, the regulation of feeding time should be gradual, with the gradual adjustment of temperature changes, can not be suddenly changed; piglets transferred to the market or sold, should be arranged in the morning and evening temperatures are relatively low, when the climate is cool; 5 must adjust the feed formula. Full-price feed can add 2-3 kg of baking soda, 150-200 g of vitamin C, and 80-80 g of vitamin E per ton; feed for suckling sows can add 5-8 kg of edible oil per ton, and increase crude protein content appropriately.
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