Swirl vegetable alias bamboo dish, leeks, rattan dishes, etc., native to southern China and India and other places, has a long history of cultivation in our country. Use tender stems and young leaves as edible organs. It is rich in nutrition, and has the functions of refreshing heat, cooling blood and diuresis, digestion and detoxification, etc. It is suitable for fried food, soup and kimchi.
First, characteristics. Amaranth is an annual or perennial herb of the family Convolvulaceae. Must root system, shallow distribution, strong regeneration ability. Stems are oblate or nearly round, green or light green, hollow and knotted, easy to produce adventitious roots. Cotyledons opposite, horseshoe-shaped, true leaves alternate, heart-shaped, long ovate or lanceolate, petiolate, entire, smooth, green. Inflorescences axillary, corolla funnelform, white or lavender. Capsule oval, containing 2-4 seeds. The seeds are nearly round, dark brown, with a thick seed coat, and they weigh 32-37 grams.
The leek hi warm and humid climate, the seeds can germinate above 15 °C, the seedlings grow at a suitable temperature of 25 °C, the optimum temperature for the growth of stems and leaves 25-35 °C, stagnant growth below 10 °C, frosted stems and leaves withered. Light requirements are not strict, more shade-resistant. Not tolerant to drought, when the water is less, the yield is reduced. Strong adaptability to the soil, but Xi Fei Xi Shui, should choose the conservation of fertilizer and strong hydraulic clay soil cultivation.
Second, the main types and varieties. Zizi: thick stems, large leaves, light green leaves. Summer and autumn flowering and seeding, sowing or cutting propagation, is the main type of cultivation. The representative varieties include Guangdong Daguqing, Sichuan dry leeks, Zhejiang Youlong water spinach and so on. Fujisaki: rarely flowering and seeding, and multiplication with cuttings. Long growing period, high yield. Soft, rich, good quality. Representative varieties such as Guangdong Xiye Tongcai, Hunan Fujimino, Sichuan large leeks and so on.
Third, cultivation points
1, sowing seedling transplanting. The seeds were sown in April-July. In the early spring, the method of sowing is used in many cases, and the amount is about 10 kilograms per acre. General summer broadcast or on demand. After sowing, it is covered with loosen soil, and 1500-2000 kilograms of manure per acre is used as a cover seed fertilizer, which can emerge in about 1 week. The use of cold beds or small arch shelters can save seeds, be listed in advance, sowing in late March and planting in mid-late April. The seeding volume of 1 mu seedbed will be about 20 kg, which can be transplanted into 15-20 acres of fields. Seedling height 20 cm or so can be listed or planted. Winter or old seedlings can be used for vines or cuttings. In the drylands, the plant spacing is about 16 centimeters and the paddy field is about 22 centimeters.
2, field management. (1) Dryland cultivation. Wet and fertile lowlands were selected, and about 2,500 kg of organic fertilizer was applied per acre to plough and till. Cultivate the weeds before closing the line. Keep the soil moist. After emerged or transplanted, cuttings survived, fertilizer was applied in a timely manner, and fertilizer was applied once every 3-5 days. Each time, 1500 kg of fertilized manure was applied per acre and poured down between rows to reduce pollution. Fertilization should be done after each cultivator. (2) paddy field cultivation. Choose irrigation, irrigation, sunny, fertile, shallow mud fields. Generally nursery transplanting or cutting propagation. Keep the depth of water about 3 cm in the early stage of growth so as to improve the soil temperature. After entering the vigorous growth period, about 8 cm water layer is maintained to meet the transpiration of plants and accelerate growth. Top dressings are mainly available nitrogen fertilizers such as decomposed manure, first light and thick, and once fertilized once. (3) Floating cultivation. The mud layer is thick, fertile, and the water depth is more than 30 cm. In April and May, the leek seedlings or pruning branches were clipped with ropes, bamboo sticks, etc., stocked in water and fixed with wooden stakes. Basic management of fertilizer and water is not carried out.
3, pest control. The main pests are Plutella xylostella, spider mites, aphids, etc., which can be controlled by highly effective and low-toxic pesticides such as imidacloprid and azadirachtin. The common disease is white rust, which can be sprayed with Bordeaux or Zinc.
First, characteristics. Amaranth is an annual or perennial herb of the family Convolvulaceae. Must root system, shallow distribution, strong regeneration ability. Stems are oblate or nearly round, green or light green, hollow and knotted, easy to produce adventitious roots. Cotyledons opposite, horseshoe-shaped, true leaves alternate, heart-shaped, long ovate or lanceolate, petiolate, entire, smooth, green. Inflorescences axillary, corolla funnelform, white or lavender. Capsule oval, containing 2-4 seeds. The seeds are nearly round, dark brown, with a thick seed coat, and they weigh 32-37 grams.
The leek hi warm and humid climate, the seeds can germinate above 15 °C, the seedlings grow at a suitable temperature of 25 °C, the optimum temperature for the growth of stems and leaves 25-35 °C, stagnant growth below 10 °C, frosted stems and leaves withered. Light requirements are not strict, more shade-resistant. Not tolerant to drought, when the water is less, the yield is reduced. Strong adaptability to the soil, but Xi Fei Xi Shui, should choose the conservation of fertilizer and strong hydraulic clay soil cultivation.
Second, the main types and varieties. Zizi: thick stems, large leaves, light green leaves. Summer and autumn flowering and seeding, sowing or cutting propagation, is the main type of cultivation. The representative varieties include Guangdong Daguqing, Sichuan dry leeks, Zhejiang Youlong water spinach and so on. Fujisaki: rarely flowering and seeding, and multiplication with cuttings. Long growing period, high yield. Soft, rich, good quality. Representative varieties such as Guangdong Xiye Tongcai, Hunan Fujimino, Sichuan large leeks and so on.
Third, cultivation points
1, sowing seedling transplanting. The seeds were sown in April-July. In the early spring, the method of sowing is used in many cases, and the amount is about 10 kilograms per acre. General summer broadcast or on demand. After sowing, it is covered with loosen soil, and 1500-2000 kilograms of manure per acre is used as a cover seed fertilizer, which can emerge in about 1 week. The use of cold beds or small arch shelters can save seeds, be listed in advance, sowing in late March and planting in mid-late April. The seeding volume of 1 mu seedbed will be about 20 kg, which can be transplanted into 15-20 acres of fields. Seedling height 20 cm or so can be listed or planted. Winter or old seedlings can be used for vines or cuttings. In the drylands, the plant spacing is about 16 centimeters and the paddy field is about 22 centimeters.
2, field management. (1) Dryland cultivation. Wet and fertile lowlands were selected, and about 2,500 kg of organic fertilizer was applied per acre to plough and till. Cultivate the weeds before closing the line. Keep the soil moist. After emerged or transplanted, cuttings survived, fertilizer was applied in a timely manner, and fertilizer was applied once every 3-5 days. Each time, 1500 kg of fertilized manure was applied per acre and poured down between rows to reduce pollution. Fertilization should be done after each cultivator. (2) paddy field cultivation. Choose irrigation, irrigation, sunny, fertile, shallow mud fields. Generally nursery transplanting or cutting propagation. Keep the depth of water about 3 cm in the early stage of growth so as to improve the soil temperature. After entering the vigorous growth period, about 8 cm water layer is maintained to meet the transpiration of plants and accelerate growth. Top dressings are mainly available nitrogen fertilizers such as decomposed manure, first light and thick, and once fertilized once. (3) Floating cultivation. The mud layer is thick, fertile, and the water depth is more than 30 cm. In April and May, the leek seedlings or pruning branches were clipped with ropes, bamboo sticks, etc., stocked in water and fixed with wooden stakes. Basic management of fertilizer and water is not carried out.
3, pest control. The main pests are Plutella xylostella, spider mites, aphids, etc., which can be controlled by highly effective and low-toxic pesticides such as imidacloprid and azadirachtin. The common disease is white rust, which can be sprayed with Bordeaux or Zinc.
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