Paeonia lactiflora, commonly known as hairless spiderweed, is a perennial herb characterized by its clustered, erect stems that are thick or nearly stout. The leaves are linear or linear-lanceolate in shape, and the flowers display a violet-blue to yellow coloration. The petals are nearly circular, measuring 1.4 to 2 cm in diameter and 5 to 7 mm in length. The plant is glabrous, with oblong seeds approximately 3 mm in size. In North and East China, it blooms from May to October, opening early in the morning and closing by midday.
The original species of hairless spiderweed was reportedly introduced from the wilds of Changli, Hebei Province. However, there is no natural occurrence of this plant within China today. It is believed that the hairless purple dew steppe may have been brought into the country by foreign missionaries. This plant thrives in cool and humid conditions, showing strong cold resistance. It can survive winter in regions such as Changli, Beijing, Chengdu, Nanjing, and Shenyang.
Hairless rhododendrons prefer sunny locations but can tolerate some shade. They grow best in loose, moist, and well-drained soil, and they avoid areas with high earthworm activity. They perform well in neutral to alkaline soils and are generally resistant to pests and diseases.
For cultivation, the best time for planting and transplanting is in spring, typically between late March and early April when new leaves begin to emerge. From April to November, planting during the growing season is also acceptable, though early planting is recommended. When selecting a site, choose well-drained, gently sloped land or elevated ground. Avoid low-lying areas where waterlogging might occur. Ensure the location receives sufficient sunlight, as excessive shade can lead to weak growth and drooping stems. While it can tolerate some light shade, long-term exposure to low light may reduce flowering and cause plants to become leggy.
Water management is crucial for healthy growth. Proper irrigation and drainage should be maintained throughout the growing season. Applying base fertilizer before planting helps promote leaf development. To maintain the plant's aesthetic appeal and extend the blooming period into autumn, a single application of fertilizer in August or September can encourage the growth of new axillary buds.
In landscaping, hairless shrubs are ideal for indoor potting, offering a long blooming period and vibrant flowers that enhance indoor spaces. They can also be placed in corridors or other open areas to beautify the surroundings. In outdoor settings, they are highly adaptable and can be used in garden designs, planted in rows, circles, or geometric patterns. They pair well with low shrubs, trees, or other flowering plants. These shrubs are suitable for parks, roadsides, lakeshores, hillsides, and forests, where they can form attractive hedges, borders, or focal points in landscape design.
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