In autumn and winter, as temperatures drop and the weather turns colder, the risk of disease outbreaks increases significantly. This period is particularly challenging for poultry farmers, as it often leads to a sharp decline in egg production among laying hens, resulting in substantial economic losses. According to recent field observations by the author, avian influenza has emerged as a major cause of this decline in egg output during these seasons.
Clinically, the disease tends to affect chickens at their peak egg-laying stage, with lower incidence rates observed in older birds. The initial symptoms are usually mild, such as respiratory issues, with some chickens showing green or yellow-green diarrhea. At this stage, the birds’ appetite and overall behavior remain normal. However, as the illness progresses, feed intake decreases, and the birds may appear lethargic. Eggshell quality starts to deteriorate, with lighter coloration, soft shells, and misshapen eggs appearing. Over time, the egg production rate drops rapidly—sometimes by 10% to 30% within just a few days. In severe cases, fecal contamination around the vent, purple combs, and occasional deaths may be observed. Recovery of egg production after the outbreak is often slow and incomplete.
To prevent this condition, it's recommended that once the hens enter the production phase, every two months, a combination of herbal remedies like "Clear Toads" and "Kidney Ganshu" should be mixed into their feed. Additionally, providing "Kidney Ganshu" in drinking water for three consecutive days can help maintain their health. Especially during the winter season, when viral diseases are more prevalent, maintaining a strong immune system is crucial.
For treatment, the primary approach focuses on antiviral action, anti-inflammatory measures, and preventing secondary bacterial infections. A common medication regimen includes "Jinfu Tamiflu" in drinking water combined with "Jinju Shuan" spices, used for four days. If secondary E. coli infection is suspected, "Bacterial Wei" water can be added to the treatment plan.
To improve egg production post-treatment, the focus should be on reducing inflammation, promoting liver function, improving blood circulation, and supporting follicle and oviduct development. A recommended medication schedule involves administering cod liver oil and vitamin E through drinking water for five days, followed by a ten to fifteen-day course of "Liver and Egg Whitening" mix.
It is essential to act quickly if signs such as respiratory issues, abnormal feces, or declining egg quality are observed. Early intervention ensures the best chance of recovery. While severely affected chickens may experience reduced feed intake and egg production during treatment, following the full course of medication for four to six days can lead to significant improvement.
The occurrence of this disease is closely linked to management practices and the implementation of a solid preventive healthcare program. Ensuring proper environmental hygiene and regular disinfection plays a vital role in reducing the risk of outbreaks. With careful attention to both prevention and treatment, farmers can minimize losses and maintain healthy, productive flocks throughout the colder months.
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