Practical breeding techniques Chen Yuhua Yin Xiuli Lu Zhanjun 2005-5-13 The wilderness is a kind of wild bird, which belongs to the bird family, chicken-shaped head, and pupa family. It is a rare bird introduced into the country after domestication in the United States. Also known as broiler chicken, red-legged small bamboo chicken, full-length 27.0 ~ 37.0 cm, weighing 400 to 500 grams.鹧鸪 is a rare and precious wild bird that combines wild game, ornamental and health care. As it is delicate, delicious, and nutritious, it has become a treasure in the palace dynasty. It is known as "the crown of game" and "Saifeilong". In the world. According to the determination of Huaxi Medical University, the protein content of quail meat was 30.1%, which was 6.8% higher than that of guinea fowl and quail, and 10.6% higher than broiler chicken. The fat content was 3.6%; 4.1% lower than the guinea fowl and 4.2% lower than the broiler. It contains 18 amino acids and 64% of unsaturated fatty acids. It has high protein, low fat and low cholesterol nutrients, and contains various amino acids and anti-cancer elements such as selenium and zinc. Alas, its nutrition and nourishing functions have been consistently promoted by many scientists and gourmets at home and abroad, and have also attracted the attention of consumers. With the continuous improvement of living standards, wolfberry food will become a new hot pursuit of people. Japan, Southeast Asia and other countries and regions merchants have to find sources. According to the relevant information, its own value will dominate the domestic and foreign markets with its overwhelming advantage. The annual demand in Guangzhou, Shanghai, Hong Kong and other places is approximately 7 million or more. Currently, it is mainly cultivated in China. It is concentrated in the southeast coast, the Pearl River Delta, Beijing, and Shandong, but its scale and intensification are still relatively low. Therefore, the more economically developed and the more civilized the area, the greater the demand for earthworms, and This trend of demand is showing a rapid increase along with the continuous improvement of China's material and cultural life. The market is also often in short supply. Therefore, relevant experts pointed out that it is very promising to vigorously develop aquaculture. Our geographical location is superior, the climate is suitable, and there are abundant grains and abundant labor resources. It is in full compliance with the ecological, feed and labor conditions required by the aquaculture industry. The production cycle of the aquaculture is short. It is less investment and has quick results. The one-time long-term income breeding project is in line with the reality of China's rural economy and is another way for large numbers of rural households to get out of poverty. It has strong resistance to disease, strong resistance to stress, easy feeding, and high feed conversion rate. In addition, the quail breeding capacity is strong. The annual production of eggs can reach 120 to 140 pieces. From hatching to adult birds, it only takes 10 to 13 weeks of age, and 4 to 5 batches can be raised each year for an average cost of 5 yuan. Up to 12 to 15 yuan, each can be profitable 7 to 10 yuan, cited 10 groups of annual net profit of about 20,000 yuan. Breeding crickets, significant economic benefits. The efficiency of rearing cockroaches is higher than that of other birds. It is indeed a highly effective breeding program that people are comfortable with. The method of breeding alfalfa is described below for reference of farmers. (1) Feeding sites and facilities In the south of China, simple barns and poultry houses can be used, and even under open air conditions. Closed houses are used in northern regions with large temperature differences. 1. Aquilegia and breeding homes The construction of a family rearing quail is suitable for each batch of 500 to 1,000, and the area is 15 to 25 square meters. Shelter can use idle houses, or other livestock houses and poultry houses, and can also invest in the construction of an intensive, factory-built quail farm with a similar scale. The following points should be paid attention to when building a new breeding farm: (1) The farm should choose a place where the supply of water and electricity is guaranteed, the transportation is convenient, it is far from the residential area, and the pollution-free ecological environment is ideal. (2) The shacks require south facing, ventilation and drying. The roof of the house is 3 meters high and the front and rear windows are opened to take full advantage of natural ventilation. If necessary, ventilation fans are installed. Because the earthworm grows fast and develops, there is a large amount of harmful gas in the house. If it is not discharged in time, it will seriously affect its growth and development. , resulting in greater economic losses. (3) The construction of dormitory buildings needs to incorporate summer cooling, dehumidification, cold protection and thermal insulation facilities into their design. Tantalum has a certain adaptability to temperature changes and can withstand high temperatures of 35-36°C. In the summertime, it is possible to plant shades of fruit trees with high economic value or shelter shade and heat insulation in advance in the south of Shale House to provide timely ventilation, dehumidification, and dampness. In the winter, the northern windows are severely blocked, and the cold curtains are used to hang doors. The burning stoves can be used in the shacks. The heat pipe heats up, and when the building is in the north, the thickness of the northern wall should be thickened to keep it warm and cold. (4) The cement floor shall be used in the dormitory to facilitate cleaning, prevention and disinfection, and to facilitate dehumidification and moisture protection. 2. Feeding facilities 1 Brooding equipment (1) Brooding warmer. A brooding insulation umbrella for broiler chickens can be purchased. A brooding insulation umbrella can feed 150 to 200 brooders from 1 to 25 days of age, and can also be used to make brooding warmers for brooding. The brooding warmer can be made on the spot, that is, a frame with 1.2 m in length, 0.6 m in width and 0.4 m in height is made of wood, and the fiberboard is used as the two side walls, the back wall and the top of the frame. The top of the heater is equipped with a 200w infrared lamp. The front of the frame is installed with an iron gauze net and a movable door is opened in the middle of the frame. The door is 0.15 meters wide and 0.2 meters high. The iron frame is installed on the door frame. The bottom net is installed with a spot-welded wire mesh of 1 cm square, and a sink tray made of sheet metal or plywood or fiberboard is installed at the bottom. Warmer feet 0.2 meters high. This self-made brooding warmer can feed from 80 to 100 chicks from 1 to 25 days of age. (2) overlapping brooding cages.鹧鸪 Breeding farms and large-scale farmers can use drawer-type overlapping brooding warmer cages. The cage is 1.8 meters high, 1.2 meters long and 0.6 meters wide. The surrounding structure is basically similar to the brooding warmer. On the sides of the cage, from the top to the bottom, 0.38 meters and 0.08 meters of distance were fitted with small angle iron as a guide rail for the 4-layer movable cage and the collection tray. Activity cage specifications: 1.16 meters wide, 0.6 meters deep, 0.38 meters high, its structure can be improved with reference to the brooding warmer, and installed in the side wall lamp holder, using different specifications of the bulb to adjust the temperature and lighting. Each activity cage is kept from 1 to 25 days old and 80 to 100 chicks. (3) The size of drinking fountains and troughs is different due to their different stages of growth. First-generation chrysalis drinker can use a flat-bottomed plastic dish as a chassis and cover a plastic bowl that is 2 to 3 centimeters smaller than the diameter of the chassis. Drill a 0.4 cm diameter hole near the bottom edge of the bowl. The upper edge of the hole should not rise above the top edge of the chassis to prevent the chassis water from overflowing. Two drinking fountains are set in a brooding incubator. After 10 days of age, it is necessary to change to a drinking trough with specifications of 20 cm in length, 6 cm in width, and 3.5 cm in height. A wire mesh cover is installed on the sink to prevent dirt, such as faeces, from contaminating the drinking water and preventing the chicks from entering the tank and drowning. After 25 days of age, the size of the drinking fountain should be larger to meet the needs of drinking water. The free-range broiler drinker can be purchased in a free range, and the cage can be used to hang a drinking water tank or a drinking bottle outside the cage. Newborn licking trough, broiler troughs and food trays can be purchased, and wood, iron or bamboo can also be used for self-made. Its height is 3 cm. Wire mesh cover is installed on the self-made trough food dish to prevent feces or dirt from contaminating the feed. Prevent pods and claws from scraping the feed out of the tank. A brooding warmer puts on 2 to 3 dishes or 2 troughs. After the 25-day-old licking tank, free-range oysters can be purchased with chicken feed trays and cage oysters. Feed tanks can be mounted outside the cage (the chicken hopper can be replaced). 2 meat 鸪 equipment 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 饲养 饲养 饲养 饲养 饲养 饲养 饲养 饲养 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪 鸪The method of raising meat quails and broilers is similar, that is, there are two ways of keeping cages and raising them. General chicken farming equipment can be used to raise quail. (1) meat cages, 1.5 meters wide, 0.75 meters deep, 0.6 meters high, the best choice for the production of wire mesh, but also can use bamboo. The cage is generally 2 to 3 layers, and a removable shroud is required to be installed between the layers. The cage is equipped with a food trough and a drinking fountain. The trough can be provided with a trough for chickens. It can also be made of tin and bamboo. The drinking fountain can be used for drinking broilers with a drinking trough or a can. Each meat cage can generally be raised from 25 to 50 days old, 40 to 50, and from the 50th day to the time before listing, 25 can be kept. (2) It is better to use a flying net room for flat-raft meat, 30 meters long, 3.5 meters wide, and 2 meters high. The flying net room is equipped with mortuary houses for sheltering, sheltering rain and eating water. Each room is 10 square meters in size. The net room is laid with a plastic net at a distance of 0.5 meters from the ground. The mesh is 2.5 centimeters square. Both sides of the net room can be woven with bamboo pieces. The wire mesh with a 3.5 cm mesh can also be used. The net room adopts inclined cement floor for cleaning and disinfection. Fly net indoor optional broiler trays and drinking fountains for water supply. Fly net room breeding density of 5 to 7 / square meter. The three types of earthworm planting equipment used for the breeding of cages and meat cages are basically similar in structure. The difference lies in the low and high heights of the bottom nets of the earthworm cages, that is, the angle of 7-9 degrees downwards in front of the bottom of the net. The distance from the bottom edge of the front screen is 3 cm to allow the eggs to roll out automatically. The chute and the drinking trough are the same as those for the meat clams. In this kind of breeding cage, there are 12 breeding stocks, including 3 males, 9 females, or 2 males and 10 females. Seed raising equipment can use the flying net room and its equipment. In addition, nest boxes are added at the two ends of the flying net room. Author: Guizhou University and the Academy of Sciences, from: China Rural Technology 2004.09
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