With grafting, cutting propagation of fruit seedlings and newly planted fruit trees, in the spring of sprouting growth, after the plants grow several leaves and grow short shoots, there are no other factors, and they stop growing and wither and die. Call "false living." There are many factors that cause “false livingâ€. Only by identifying the reasons and taking corresponding measures can the "false living" of fruit trees be avoided.
First, grafting "false living"
(1) Rootstock incompatibility: The reason is that rootstock and scion are incompatible, callus cannot be grown, or callus can not be connected after the growth of callus, and nutrition exchange cannot be carried out. Solution: Select rootstock with good affinity and adaptability for grafted varieties. If it is a sapling for two or three years, three plants with good affinity, strong growth, and well-developed rootstock should be planted in a triangular shape at the foot of the tree. "Change the anvil to replace the function of the original rootstock." Or about 15 cm above the fertile ground of the tree to the marrying interface, to promote the growth of the roots of the main stem to replace the root system.
(2) The grafting operation is not serious: When the grafting and cutting of the two rootstocks are not aligned tightly, or the contact part is very few, the hair roots can no longer supply water and nutrients and then die after using the water and nutrients in the scion. Solution: Grafting personnel must operate strictly in accordance with the grafting protocol.
(3) Sprouting or sprouting buds. Solution: Do a good job of scion storage, timely grafting, not sprouting scion and weak bud grafting.
(4) The anvil is too early: In the early spring, the rootstocks were inserted and the fruit seedlings were grafted in the summer and autumn. After cutting an anvil, the anvils died together. The reason is that the nutrients in the seed have been used up. After an anvil is cut, the sprouting and rootstock are forced to “starve to death†due to the supply of nutrients without a blade. Solution: First, after 10 days of living, “folding the anvil†at 5 cm above the interface, that is, breaking the main root of the rootstock by 2/3, leaving 1/3 connected, so that the upper leaves continue to produce nutrients for budding. And maintain the growth of the rootstock. The shoots from the buds to be sprouted grow to a height of 30 cm to produce nutrients and then cut the anvil. The second is to leave 4-5 sheets intact under the interface when grafting. The strong leaves and the anvil will be used to produce nutrients from the lower leaves to supply the buds, hair leaves, and rootstocks.
Second, cutting "false living"
(1) Hardwood cuttings: Grapes, pomegranates, etc. are planted with hardwood cuttings, with a few leaves on the upper end and a piece of vine or a bit later, which causes a long wilting. The reason is that the moisture and nutrients in the cuttings have been used up, the roots have not yet been rooted, and water and nutrients from the soil cannot be supplied to the leaves to grow. Solution: Before cutting, soak the cuttings with 10000 times ABT rooting powder for half an hour to promote hair rooting and multiple rooting. If conditions are met, first make a bed with vermiculite, perlite or river sand, warm the bed to 8°C-10°C, then gradually increase to 14°C-20°C until the lower part of the cutting has been rooted and the upper part is about to sprout. Move into the nursery, dip into the bottom water and keep the soil moist.
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