In the past, most of the areas were dominated by traditional rice and wheat. Due to the low food prices, high yield and low efficiency were formed, and farmers’ income increased. In the past ten years, in order to promote the structural adjustment of rice and wheat double-crop areas, improve planting efficiency, vigorously reform the traditional rice-wheat two-crop, grain-based planting system, carry out trials and demonstrations of rice- plant rotation, and actively establish rice and vegetables. The multi-efficient and efficient planting system based on vegetables has achieved remarkable results. The rice-fire radish-melon cultivation model is one of the more prominent examples.
1, planting mode
Rice is seeded at the end of April. It is planted in the middle of June in the middle of the small melon, and harvested from the end of September to the beginning of October. The fire radish is usually spread in early December, covered in 4m shed, harvested in mid-March, and melon in February. In the first ten days, the seedlings were covered in multiple layers in the arch shed or in the greenhouse. The plants were transplanted in the middle and late March, and the plant spacing was 60×65 cm. It was collected in mid-May and pulled at the beginning of June. The fire radish chooses the "Xuzhou Xiaowu", which has strong cold resistance, and strives for the morning market. The small melon uses the local "Leaf three sweet melon", which has the characteristics of early maturity, high quality and low temperature resistance, and weak light. Rice can be selected from "Yuyou 63", "Xudao No. 3" and "Choufeng No. 9".
2. Benefit analysis
2.1. Economic Benefits Significantly improve the “rice-fire radish-melon†grain and vegetable rotation cultivation mode, which has many advantages such as reducing the incidence of diseases, improving soil physical and chemical properties, fertilizing soil fertility, and high yield benefits. Generally, 165kg of radish is produced per 667 square meters, 2500kg of melon, 620kg of rice, and the output value of 667 square meters is about 6,620 yuan. The net income per 667 square meters is 5,500 yuan, which is 6.6 times of the net income of rice and wheat. At the same time, the sputum is 10 to 15 days earlier than the original wheat, and the glutinous rice varieties can be changed from the early mid-maturing varieties to the mid-late cultivars, and the soil structure and fertility of the vegetables are improved, so that the rice yield is improved. The 540kg per 667 square meters was increased to 620kg per 667 square meters, an increase of 14.8%.
2.2. Social Benefits After the implementation of rice vegetable cultivation, the original rice-wheat two-crop planting system was basically solved, and the contradiction between the season and the mouth of the mouth was greatly relieved, which greatly eased the labor tension of the farmers during the summer harvest and the autumn harvest. Accelerated the application of various agricultural scientific and technological achievements, so that the level of farmers' scientific farming has been significantly improved, and the harvest of both food and vegetables has been achieved. At the same time, it effectively overcomes the obstacles of soil continuous cropping, making it possible to develop pollution-free production and improve the quality of agricultural products.
2.3. Ecological Benefits After the high-efficiency planting of rice and vegetables, the multiple cropping index has been improved. In particular, most of the vegetable production has adopted a large increase in the utilization rate of temperature and light resources and the output rate of cultivated land. At the same time, due to the rotation of water and drought, the various pathogens in the soil are greatly reduced, the disease is obviously reduced, the use of pesticides is less, the application of organic fertilizer is more, the environmental pollution is reduced, the organic matter content is increased, the soil structure is improved, and the combination of cultivation and maintenance is realized. Balance. According to the measurement: the soil after two years of rice vegetable cultivation, the organic matter content was 1.24%, the total nitrogen was 0.092%, the available phosphorus was 75.4mg/kg, and the available potassium was 85.2mg/kg, which increased by 0.33, 0.032% and 64.2mg respectively. /kg, 44mg/kg.
3, brief cultivation techniques
3.1. Rice is sown from the end of April to the beginning of May. In the middle of June, the land was planted in time, and other management measures were cultivated in the same way. Harvested from the end of September to the beginning of October.
3.2. After the rice is harvested and dried, the radish will be used for 4,500 kg of high-quality farmyard manure per 667 square meters, 30-40 kg of superphosphate, 10 kg of urea, 20 to 30 kg of fully decomposed cake fertilizer, and a 4 m wide medium shed after deep tillage. Divided into two squats, leaving 20 to 30 cm in the middle. If the soil is poorly simmered, it can be smashed 2 to 3 days before sowing, and then sown, and once again, the surface soil is dry and slightly suppressed, and the shed is sown after sowing. After the real leaves are unfolded, the seedlings are once, the spacing of the seedlings is 3~5cm, the two leaves are ventilated from both ends, the vents are from small to large, and the four-leaf one-hearted period is through the waist (not through the wind), and the temperature is controlled at 15~25. °C. The fire radish was collected at the end of February and required to be harvested in divided portions. Generally, it was collected every 3 to 4 days, and finished 3 to 5 times.
3.3. Melon Melon In the middle of February, the multi-layer cover seedlings were planted in the middle shed. The seed amount was 50-75g per 667 square meters. The seeds were soaked with warm soup and then germinated at 28-30 °C. After being exposed to white, it can be planted in the nutrient bowl, then re-soiled 1cm, covered with mulch film, and covered with multiple layers of insulation to ensure a daytime temperature of 25 ~ 30 ° C, night temperature of 15 ° C. When the cantaloupe emerges 70%, the mulch is removed and the poisonous bait is used to control the underground pests. According to the appropriate ventilation of the seedlings, after the real leaves are flat, the inner arch film is removed at 9:00 every morning, and the inner arch film is completely removed when the three leaves are one heart.
After the harvest of the radish in the middle and late March, the shed should be cleaned up. At the end of March, when the melon can be transplanted for 40 days, the planting distance can be 60×65cm, and the planting time should be about 1kg per plant. Phosphate dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer water is used as the planting water. After transplanting, every 667 square meters can be applied with 25kg of diammonium phosphate and 15kg of urea. After stepping on the ground, the mulch is covered and the shed is closed to the living tree. The plants can be properly ventilated after they have survived. Four leaves and one heart period are topped, leaving 4 to 5 side vines to grow, and the side vines can be topped after the melons. Melon flowering period is to increase the rate of melons to carry out hormones, the concentration is 2.4-D20 ~ 30ppm. Results The initial shed temperature was controlled at 20-25 °C. In the middle and late stages, in order to promote maturity, the temperature should be raised appropriately. From colonization to maturity, it is necessary to plant water, promote water, and promote melon water. Beginning in mid-May, the immature melons are picked off at the beginning of June, and they are cooked later.
We're well-known as one of the leading Health care supplement--Improving immunity manufacturers and suppliers for our quality products and good service. Please feel free to buy or wholesale bulk rhodiola rosea extract,Astragaloside,Ginseng,Maca Root Powder,Olive Leaf Extract Powder and ashwagandha extract for sale at the best price from our factory.
Improving Immunity Powder,Improving Immunity Extract,Improving Immunity Health Care Ingredient,Improving Immunity
Xi'an Natural Field Bio-Technique Co., Ltd. , https://www.natural-field.com