The Show Zhen mushroom, also known as the ring handle ear mushroom or white ring handle ear, is a rare and highly nutritious edible fungus that has recently gained popularity in the international market. Known for its crisp texture, high fiber content, and delicious flavor, it is a favorite among consumers who appreciate both its nutritional value and taste.
Pleurotus citrinopileatus, commonly referred to as the Show Zhen mushroom, can be cultivated using a variety of agricultural by-products such as wood chips, cottonseed hulls, rice straw, corn cobs, and other crop stalks. This makes it an economical and sustainable option for farmers. Each 100 kg of dry material can yield between 80-100 kg of fresh mushrooms. The cultivation cycle from inoculation to fruiting takes about 4-5 months, allowing for two harvests per year. Below are the key steps involved in the cultivation process:
**I. Strain Isolation and Breeding**
The strains used in production are typically obtained either through isolation from the fruiting body or by purchasing from research institutions or commercial producers. Most growers do not have the facilities for strain separation and prefer to buy pre-established cultures.
**II. Cultivation Season**
The best time for planting depends on the temperature requirements of the mushroom. Spring planting is usually done between March and April, while autumn planting is carried out from May to August. At higher altitudes, the bag-making process should be started earlier to ensure optimal conditions.
**III. Cultivation Methods**
Pleurotus citrinopileatus can be grown indoors or in shaded outdoor areas. It requires specific substrates and proper environmental control for successful growth.
**IV. Substrate Preparation and Sterilization**
Common substrates include a mix of wood chips, corn cobs, wheat husks, and other organic materials. These are processed, mixed with water (60-65% moisture), and fermented for 4-5 days during hot seasons before being packed into sterilized plastic bags. The bags are then sterilized at 100°C for 15-16 hours. Once cooled, they are inoculated and allowed to grow under controlled conditions.
**V. Mushroom Management**
After the mycelium fully colonizes the bags, they are moved to a clean, well-ventilated mushroom room. Proper humidity (90%) and temperature (23-25°C) are maintained to encourage fruiting. Small ventilation and light exposure are essential during the early stages. As the mushrooms develop, careful watering and air circulation help prevent disease and promote healthy growth.
After the first harvest, the remaining substrate is refreshed, and the process is repeated for multiple flushes. Each subsequent harvest requires similar management but with adjustments in moisture and temperature to maintain productivity.
**VI. Harvesting and Processing**
Mushrooms are harvested when the caps are 2-3 cm in diameter and the edges are curled, before spores are released. Fresh mushrooms are dehydrated, stored, sorted, and packaged for sale. They can also be dried for longer storage and transport.
**VII. Pest and Disease Control**
Insect pests are managed using safe, non-toxic insecticides like pyrethrum or cypermethrin. Fungal diseases such as green mold, red mold, and yellow mold are controlled with appropriate fungicides. Regular cleaning and disinfection of the growing area are crucial to prevent contamination.
By following these techniques, farmers can achieve consistent yields and high-quality produce, making the Show Zhen mushroom a valuable addition to any cultivation program.
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