The "automatic back flushing method" is an innovative technique that significantly improves the gas production rate of biogas digesters. This method replaces the original "three-way" connection used in the feeding system with a "four-way" fitting, allowing for more efficient management of the feeding and discharge processes. A new pipeline is installed from the "stone" (a specific point in the system) to the feed inlet of the biogas digester, directing it toward the dung pit. This setup enables the liquid in the water pressure chamber (discharge port) to be automatically returned to the feed port, effectively cleaning and reactivating the biogas tank.
Depending on the terrain and materials, the "drum pits" for biogas digesters are constructed either within or outside the "water pressure zone." There are two types of back flushing pipeline configurations, each designed to suit different installation scenarios.
To install the system, a "four-way" fitting of the same diameter as the digester's lifter is placed in the original three-way position. A four-pass PVC pipe is then laid from the biogas feed inlet, ensuring that the intake port is slightly elevated. At the end of the feeder, a directional control is added to prevent material from flowing back into the bucket when moving toward the feed port. A threaded connector is installed on the four-way leading to the drum pit, allowing for easy closure during back flushing to prevent unwanted outflow of the water pressure liquid.
At the feed port, the back flush inlet should be aligned parallel to the feed port to avoid blockage during regular feeding. When installing the back flushing components, all joints such as the four-way and elbows should be sealed with adhesive and buried below ground level to ensure durability and safety.
The advantages of this back flushing method are numerous. It allows for automatic cleaning and agitation of the biogas digester, which is especially useful when the tank is built underground in pigsties where manual cleaning is difficult. With just the activation of the feeder, the biogas tank can be cleaned and filled at any time, improving gas yield.
This system also reduces the labor required by farmers, eliminating the need to manually carry waste or other raw materials to the digester. The fermented slurry between the water pressure chamber naturally flows back into the tank through the feed port, making the process much easier and more efficient.
Moreover, the continuous movement of the liquid level prevents the formation of crusts on the surface of the fermented material. Even if there was initial crusting, the constant activity of the liquid level lifting helps break it down naturally. The repeated movement of the bottom material also helps rejuvenate the microbial cultures, leading to a 33% increase in gas production per digester.
Each back flushing device costs only 26 yuan and can produce an additional 100 cubic meters of biogas annually. At a rate of 1 yuan per cubic meter of methane, this translates to an extra 100 yuan in income per year for each biogas digester. Overall, this simple and cost-effective solution offers a practical way to enhance biogas output while reducing maintenance efforts.
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