In early spring, winter gourds, summer cabbages, and autumn-winter celery are harvested three times a year using pollution-free cultivation methods. During the summer season, greenhouse films remain in place, with shade nets installed on top and the sides rolled up for ventilation. Insect nets are used to allow airflow while preventing pests. When it rains, the film is lowered, and after the rain, it's rolled back up to prevent wind damage. Once the winter celery has been harvested, the shade net is removed, and as temperatures drop, air circulation is gradually reduced.
For early spring melon cultivation, choosing the right variety is crucial. Select small, early-maturing, high-yield, and disease-resistant types that offer good quality and marketability. Seedlings are started in mid-February in a protected nursery. A nutrient mix of 6 parts sterile sandy loam and 4 parts well-decomposed manure is prepared, with additional 2-3 kg of compound fertilizer and 50% carbendazim WP per cubic meter. The mixture is watered and thoroughly blended before sowing. Seeds are soaked, planted one per pot, and covered with 1.5–2 cm of soil. Daytime temperatures are maintained at 25–28°C, and nighttime at 15–18°C. After germination, temperatures are slightly reduced to 23–25°C during the day and 12–16°C at night. A 0.2% solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea is sprayed once the true leaves appear. Seedlings are ready for transplanting after about 30 days, when they have 3–4 leaves. They are hardened off 7–10 days before planting.
Soil preparation involves digging 1-meter-wide trenches 0.5 meters deep, filled with 4,000 kg of chicken manure, 50 kg of compound fertilizer, 100 kg of superphosphate, 50 kg of potassium sulfate, and 60 kg of bean or cotton seed cake. In early March, two rows of melons are planted in each trench, spaced 0.5 meters apart. Mulch is applied, and small sheds are placed over the plants. At night, grass mats are added for insulation.
Field management includes the triple-vine pruning technique. The first female flower is removed, and artificial pollination is performed when the second and third female flowers open. Each vine is left with 1–2 fruits. After fruit setting, top dressing and watering are done, along with carbon dioxide enrichment. Harvesting takes place in mid to late April when the fruit weighs 1–1.5 kg. After the first harvest, the vines are cut 20–50 cm above the base. The film is lifted, and the soil is deeply cultivated. Urea (20 kg per acre) and compound fertilizer (20 kg) are applied. Three new vines are left, with 1–2 fruits per plant. The second harvest occurs in late June.
For summer cabbage, select heat-, moisture-, and disease-resistant varieties. After the melon harvest, 3,000 kg of compost and 50 kg of diammonium phosphate are applied per acre, followed by plowing and ridging. Ridges are 70 cm wide and 30 cm high. Two lines of seeds are planted per ridge, with 45 cm between rows and 40 cm between holes. Two to three seeds are planted per hole, totaling 4,000–4,200 plants per acre. Field management includes thinning at 2-leaf stage, transplanting at 6–7 leaves, and regular weeding. Watering is combined with 15 kg of urea per acre during the growth phase. At the head formation stage, 20 kg of urea is applied. High evaporation rates require frequent watering. Pest control relies on insect nets and shade, with agricultural streptomycin used to prevent soft rot, and imidacloprid or other low-toxicity pesticides to manage aphids and caterpillars. Cabbage is harvested 50–60 days after sowing, when heads weigh 1.5–2 kg, typically in late August to early September.
Overwintering celery requires fast-growing, cold-tolerant varieties. In mid-July, seedlings are raised in a shaded nursery with fine soil, after soaking seeds in cold water for 8–12 hours. Soil is kept moist until emergence, and seedlings are watered 2–3 times after sprouting. When seedlings reach 10 cm, foliar fertilizers are applied. After harvesting the previous crop, the field is cleaned, and diseased areas are disinfected. Organic fertilizer (4,000 kg), 50 kg diammonium phosphate, 30 kg potassium sulfate, 30 kg superphosphate, and 1–2 kg zinc sulfate are applied. Plants are spaced 15–20 cm apart in rows, with 10–15 cm between plants. One day before planting, the bed is watered. Roots are 3–5 cm long, and plants are set 3–5 cm deep. After planting, small amounts of water and 5 kg urea or 15 kg ammonium bicarbonate are applied. When leaves stand upright and roots develop, top dressing and consistent watering begin. At 30 cm height, gibberellic acid (50 mg/kg) is sprayed every 10–15 days. Celery is harvested once, at 40–50 cm tall. Disease control includes thiophanate-methyl or carbendazim for leaf spot, and imidacloprid for aphids.
Sunshade Net,White Agriculture Shade Cloth,Air Filter Aluminum Foil Net,Fence Balcony Privacy Netting
Changzhou Green Nets Co.,Ltd. , https://www.czglnets.com