1. Whole Potato Planting: Autumn potato cultivation is typically sown during the hot and rainy season in August. Using whole potatoes for planting is more effective than cutting them, as cut pieces are prone to rot and death, leading to lower yields. Whole potato planting helps reduce losses, prevent degradation, and ultimately increase productivity.
For autumn planting, it's important to prepare seedlings in advance using spring seeds. Select small sweet potato pieces weighing around 50 grams each. These should be free from damage, disease, and have a uniform skin color and size. A typical amount required per acre is about 200 kilograms.
During autumn planting, the seed potatoes are in a dormant state. To encourage germination, they need to be soaked in a gibberellic acid solution before planting. Soak the potatoes in a 15–20 mg/l solution for 20–30 minutes, then keep them in moist sand for about five days until sprouts of 1–2 cm appear. This process helps ensure strong and healthy growth once planted.
Sowing too early in the autumn can lead to high temperatures that cause rotting and severe virus infections, while sowing too late may result in an insufficient growing period and reduced yield. In North China, the ideal sowing window is generally between August 5th and 15th.
2. Planting Method: Autumn potato planting differs from spring planting due to the intense heat and sunlight during this season. To create a cooler environment, it's best to plant on shaded slopes, which helps with faster and healthier emergence of seedlings. The best time for planting is before 10 a.m. or after 3 p.m. when the sun is less intense. Use furrows for planting, cover the seeds with soil, and maintain a spacing of 60 cm between rows and 25 cm between plants. This method ensures proper air circulation and optimal growth conditions for the crop.
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