Duck production technology

Laying duck refers to the offspring produced by crossing the male duck of the genus Hyphalis with the female duck of the genus Hydra, and is also called the semi-muscular duck. Because it does not have the ability to breed it is called ducks. It is characterized by fast growth, good meat quality, lean meat, resistance to roughage, high feed utilization, and strong disease resistance. 60-day-old body weight up to 3 kilograms or more, is the world's best meat-type duck. First, the hybridization method. The experiment was conducted at a duck farm in Changxing County, Zhejiang Province in 2002-2003. 3,000 feathers of Cameron-Cambell duck and Shaoxing duck were selected, and Xantuan-Kangbei duck was used as the male parent. Shao duck was used as the female parent for crossbreeding (natural mating) to produce F1 generation; F1 was then used as the female parent. Limo Muscovy duck was used as a male parent to crossbreed again with artificial insemination to produce commercial ducks. Second, artificial insemination. Artificial insemination technology occupies a very important position in the production of ducks. The size of the F1 generation produced by the cross between the Kazan-Kangbei duck and the Shaoxing duck is relatively small, while the Keri Mozuku duck has a large body shape, and the two cannot be naturally mated. Taiwanese ducks are attracted to the essence: The female duck is fixed on the sperm collection table, and the Kemo Muscovy Duck is released. When the male duck climbs on the female duck, the sperm extractor is on the right side of the male duck and holds the spermatozoon to the left. cup. When the duck frequently shakes the tail, using a collection cup and the ground at a 60-degree angle to block the cloacal cavity of the duck, the semen can be successfully harvested. Each time the ejaculation of the drake is about 0.6-1.2 ml. Semen dilution: fresh semen has a shorter survival time in vitro and must be diluted within 0.5 hours. Fresh semen was diluted with physiological saline at a ratio of 1:2. Diluted semen was required to be used within 2 hours, otherwise it would seriously affect the fertilization rate. Insemination: The female duck is supine and fixed on the insemination table, and the cloaca is outward outward. The insemination worker squeezes the lower edge of the cloaca with his left hand to force the cloaca to open and the vaginal opening is pulled out. Then he inserts the spermatozoon with the spermatozoon from the vaginal opening, with a depth of 3-4 cm. The left hand relaxes and the right hand can start. Insemination. The insemination volume of the female duck is 0.05-0.1 ml, and the sperm produced by one male duck can be up to about 30 female ducks. Third, hatching and feeding management 1. Incubation conditions. The general species of ducks had a 28-day incubation period, while the ducks had a 32-day incubation period and required incubation at 36.8°C. Other hatching conditions are similar to those of ordinary ducks. 2, young chicks. (1) Choosing young children: Choose a light, soft and elastic abdomen, clean anus, thick legs, large mouth, great eyes, and lively and robust ducklings. Remove the steamed buns, open eyes, lameness, and blood umbilicus ducklings. (2) Insulation: The ducklings are kept at 30-32°C within 7 days after hatching; from the 7th day, the temperature can be lowered by 1°C per day; after 15 days, the temperature is reduced to about 18°C; after 20 days, the temperature can be completely defrosted and the temperature can be reduced at room temperature. Feeding. If the temperature is low before the brooding period, dry straw can be thickened in the house. (3) Open food: ducklings can be eaten in 20-24 hours. Give water before eating. When drinking water, the water can be put into a shallow water dish, and the center is stamped. Only the side of the water is exposed and the ducklings can learn to drink. Water can also be added 0.01% potassium permanganate, glucose, vitamins and so on. One hour after drinking, boiled rice (approx. half-cooked, moderately soft and hard) was soaked in fresh water to remove the stickiness. After draining, sprinkled on a plastic sheet and allowed to feed. It is also possible to feed unpolluted vegetable puree, but it must be noted that if there is too much water in the vegetable puree, excess water must be removed before feeding. On the day of eating, drink and feed once every 1.5-2 hours. Feed only 80% or 90% of the full meal each time to prevent swelling. 2-4 days after starting the diet, drinking and feeding 5-6 times a day, changing to 4-5 times/day on the 5th to 15th days, reducing to 3-4 times/day after 15 days. The feed began to use half-cooked, soft and hard rice, but from the fourth day, it was possible to add part of the compound feed and train to eat coarse grains. From the 10th day onwards, rice was no longer fed, and all of them were mixed with compound feed and coarse grains. The reference formula was: corn 46%, broken rice 10%, wheat 5%, fried soybean 17%, fish meal 5%, rapeseed cake 7%, cocoon 7%, bone meal 2.7%, salt 0.3%. At the same time, ducklings should also be fed with green feed. At the age of 4-10 days, the green feed can account for about 20% of the diet, gradually increasing to 30%-40% after 10 days of age. Single feed and mixed feed can be used. (4) Drainage: Ducklings can be drained after 1 week of age to allow them to swim, wash and fleece. At the beginning, they will release water 2-3 times a day for 10-20 minutes each time; after that, gradually extend the time for water release, and after 1 week, After each feeding, put it in shallow water 8-10 cm deep; after 15 days, let ducklings move freely into deep water. 3, bred in the young. Grazing during the day: You can put in paddy fields, ponds, rivers and other waters. Shore part of the feed (green material: fine material = 1:2). When you are hungry, you can eat in the pond and you can bathe in the pond when you are not eating. The reference formula was: corn 62%, wheat bran 15%, fried soybean 6%, fish meal 7%, rapeseed cake 7%, bone meal 2.8%, salt 0.2%. Night feeding: The venue is located next to the pond or river bay. The enclosure requires air circulation. The bamboo bar with a height of about 60 centimeters is used to house the duck bar. The breeding density is 6-7 feathers per square meter. Set a sink on the side of pond 1 and place the trough in the middle. At the same time to add green material, the general ratio of green material and fine material is 2:1. The feed formulation is the same as during the day.

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