At present, farmers have many misunderstandings in terms of fertilizer application rate, fertilization method, and fertilization time, and they are prone to poor fertility, slow effect, and even plant death due to improper fertilization. The specific errors include the following:
1, partial nitrogen fertilizer, ignore phosphorus and potassium fertilizer
Excessive nitrogen can easily lead to lengthy stems and leaves, weak tissue, and reduced resistance to disease. In particular, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer at the late stage of growth and development will cause crop greediness, affect reproductive growth, and hinder the conversion of nutrients, which in turn will reduce yield and quality. Therefore, the application of nitrogen fertilizer should be timely, appropriate, but also with phosphorus, potassium in conjunction with the application, in order to promote crop reproduction and increase production.
2. Ignoring the application of trace elements
Focusing only on the application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, it is believed that the need for crop growth can be met while the application of trace elements is ignored. The consequence is that trace elements cannot keep up with, which not only affects the absorption and utilization of a large number of elements and causes waste, but also leads to plant malformation, fruit drop, fruit production, and quality decline due to the lack of trace elements. Therefore, the type and amount of fertilization should be determined according to the growth characteristics of the plants. While applying a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements, combined with the application of iron, manganese, zinc, boron and other trace elements, in order to ensure the normal growth and development of crops .
3, fertilize as much as possible
The amount of fertilizer is too large. Although the yield and income are sometimes increased, the actual income is not high because of the high cost. Sometimes, because of the uncontrolled growth, the plant’s nutrient growth is too strong, the growth and development of the reproductive organs is insufficient, and the yield is reduced. This is counterproductive. Therefore, according to the characteristics of fertilizer requirement, soil fertility, crop planting density, etc. during the whole crop growth period, the principle of adequate supply but no waste should be used to find out the best fertilization plan, give full play to fertilizer efficiency, and increase economic efficiency.
4, after the occurrence of fertilizer-fatigue symptoms
After the fertilizer is applied, it takes a certain period of time before it can be absorbed and used. Therefore, when the crop suffers from fertilizer deficiency symptoms and then fertilizes, it will cause the crop to lose fertilizer for a long time and cause a reduction in production. Therefore, fertilization should be based on the characteristics of the crop needs fertilizer and light, temperature, water, fertilization methods and other factors to determine the fertilization time.
5, shallow fertilizer or surface fertilizer
The use of shallow or superficial fertilizers may cause the fertilizer to evaporate, lose or hardly reach the roots of crops, which is not conducive to crop absorption and low fertilizer utilization. Therefore, fertilization should be based on the growth of the plant's aboveground and underground root growth conditions to determine the location of fertilization to ensure the effect of fertilization.
6, blindly use "a shelling" fertilization method
One-time fertilization must master fertilization techniques and fertilization methods, blindly adopt one-time fertilization methods, which will inevitably lead to reduced production and income. For example, slope-cultivated farmland and land-leakage landfills are subject to one-time fertilization, which can easily result in the loss of fertilizers, leading to later de-fertilization. Fertile soil plots are subject to one-time fertilization. Excessive supply of nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage will lead to prolonged and prolonged lodging of early crops.
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