The spring corn + late rice cultivation mode refers to the cultivation mode of changing spring maize and planting rice late because the spring drought cannot plant early rice.
The benefits of the spring corn + late rice cultivation model are as follows: First, most dry fields lacking irrigation conditions can adopt this model, thereby reducing early land-shedding and ensuring the area for grain production. Second, the price of corn is slightly higher than the price of rice. In the current market, it is slightly higher by 5 to 10%. Third, the yield of corn was slightly higher than that of early rice. In the same field and the same input level, the yield of corn was 10% higher than that of rice. Fourth, the requirements for the management of spring corn are relatively extensive, and the input costs for labor and agricultural inputs are low, which can be widely used and promoted. The fifth is that spring corn is generally sown at the end of January and early February, and harvested from the end of May to June, about 20 days earlier than the harvest of early rice, which can avoid the harm of “Dragon Boat Waterâ€, and strive for active selection of varieties and production season of late rice. It can also create more favorable conditions for winter seed production.
I. Main techniques for spring maize cultivation
Corn planting can be planted in constant tillage and no-tillage.
(a) Use good breeds. In order to increase the yield and benefit, it is generally preferred to grow hybrid corn, and it is also possible to grow waxy corn or sweet corn that are sold on the market. Spring maize should be planted with mid-maturing varieties. The main varieties suitable for planting in our city are: Decka 007, Zhengda 619, Guidan 22, Guidan 30, Jindan series, Nongda 108, Yuyu 30, etc.; There are: Su Yuxi No. 1 and Guiyu 2006 etc.; sweet corn varieties are: Huazhen, Jinzhen, Taizhen, Xiantian No.6 and so on.
(b) Site preparation and weeding. The cultivation of ploughing should be well-practiced. The ploughs should be plowed on the fields, deep plowing more than 30 centimeters, and starting from 1 to 1.1 meters. No-tillage cultivation does not require ploughshare on the field, but it requires weeding before sowing, and it can be started by furrowing from 1 to 1.1 meters. The specific method of weeding before sowing is: 7 to 9 days before sowing, 20% “without a trace†250-300 ml per mu, or 20% “paraquat†250-300 ml, or 10% “glyphosate†1500 ~ 2000 ml, or "no-tillage" 300 ~ 500 grams, or 50% "acetochlor" 80 ~ 160 grams, watered 50 ~ 60 kg throughout the field spray.
(3) Apply basal fertilizer. Applying basal fertilizer is one of the keys to improving corn production. Before fertilizing, mix phosphate fertilizer with organic fertilizer for one month to increase fertilizer efficiency. Basic application amount of basal fertilizer: 50 kg per acre of phosphate fertilizer, 1,000 kg of farmyard fertilizer, or 50 kg of compound fertilizer containing 15% of NPK.
(D) timely sowing. The city should start planting in late January and strive to broadcast it in early February. The amount of mu is generally about 1.5 to 2 kg. It is more advantageous to adopt a double row single planting method to obtain high yield. The row spacing is 33 to 40 cm, the plant spacing is 25 to 33 cm, and 2 seeds per hole are planted.
(v) Field Management
1, seedling management. 1 field Dingmiao: 4 to 5 leaves when the seedlings Dingmiao, generally leave a seed per hole, Mu Liumiao 4500 ~ 5000 strains. 2 Fertilization: The main fertilizer is quick-acting fertilizer. After Dingmiao, apply 5-6 kg of urea per acre, dilute with water and apply soil after application. 3 Pest Control: More pests and diseases at seedling stage. Insect pests include floorworms, armyworms, cockroaches, and cockroaches, which often injure the seedlings and bite off the seedlings. They should be checked at any time and poisoned with poison. The disease mainly consists of downy mildew. If a diseased plant is found, it should be unplugged and burned in a concentrated manner.
2, jointing heading management. 1 timely attack culm fertilizer, stalk ash application time is generally at the beginning of jointing, spring corn about 30 days after emergence, seedlings have 7 to 8 leaves when applied. Generally, urea and potash fertilizer are applied in 8 to 10 kilograms per acre, which is applied to water. 2 re-appropriate attack fertilizer, in the corn "big bell" when the application, the general application of urea, potassium fertilizer each 10 kg, 7 to 10 cm from the base of the corn applied under the top soil after dressing, to prevent lodging. 3 Pest Control: Insect pests in this period include corn borer, armyworm, and aphid. Diseases mainly include size and leaf spot, sheath blight, smut, and stalk rot. Must always go deep into field inspections and find that pests and diseases need to be sprayed and controlled in time.
(six) timely harvest
Fresh sweet and waxy corn are suitable for picking during the milk ripening period, that is, generally after the silking and pollination by the ear, sweet corn is harvested for 20 to 24 days and waxy corn for 25 to 30 days.
The dry-grained corn generally has a bright luster on the surface of the grain, the whole plant is yellow, and the loose-leafing of the ear and pod leaf is harvested at the ripening stage.
Second, late rice production
Late rice is sown in late June and interplanted in mid-to-late July. It strives for earing from the end of September to the beginning of October, harvesting from the end of October to the beginning of November, which can effectively avoid autumn drought and cold dew.
The cultivation techniques of late rice are the same as those of normal late rice.
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