Tomato cotton rot is primarily identified by the damage it causes to fruits. Infected tomatoes develop water-soaked, yellow-brown or brown spots, which eventually lead to complete fruit rot. The affected fruit usually does not show significant deformation, although the skin may crack in some cases. Unlike other diseases, the infected fruit rarely drops off and is often covered with a dense, fluffy white mold layer, which distinguishes it from early blight. In seedlings, the infection can result in damping-off, causing sudden wilting and collapse of young plants.
The disease is mainly caused by *Pythium aphanidermatum* (Eds.) Fitzp., a member of the oomycete group, which is closely related to the fungi that cause tomato damping-off. Its morphological features are similar to those observed in damping-off cases. Additionally, reports indicate that *Pythium myriotylum* Drechser, another species within the *Pythium* genus, can also be responsible for this condition.
The disease tends to occur more frequently during the rainy season when humidity is high and waterlogging is common. It typically affects only the fruit, and plants that are overwatered or have poor drainage are more susceptible.
In terms of management, specific control measures are usually not required. Instead, it can be managed through general practices used for controlling other tomato diseases, such as proper irrigation, crop rotation, and the use of resistant varieties. Early detection and maintaining good field hygiene can also help reduce the spread of the pathogen. Overall, integrated disease management strategies are effective in minimizing the impact of tomato cotton rot.
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