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Silage is a type of livestock feed that is more palatable and cost-effective compared to other feed options. However, like any feeding method, it has both advantages and disadvantages. To produce high-quality fermented silage, several key conditions must be met. First, a reliable source of fermentation microorganisms is essential—ideally, the starter should contain at least 150 million functional microorganisms per gram. Second, there needs to be an adequate supply of nutrients for these microbes, primarily carbon and nitrogen sources. Adding a suitable nitrogen source, such as urea, to straw can help enhance microbial activity. Third, moisture content is critical; it should be maintained around 60% for optimal fermentation.
After extensive research and trials, experts have identified three key principles for making silage: speed, honesty, and strictness. Once the silage
Material is harvested from the field, it should be packed and covered with plastic on the same day. This minimizes exposure to air, which can lead to spoilage. Efficient use of labor, equipment, and timing is crucial to reduce nutrient loss during the process.
Regardless of the silage system used, it's important to cut the materials into short pieces (2–3 cm) and compact them layer by layer. This helps remove trapped air, which is vital for creating anaerobic conditions. For rough-textured materials, this step is even more critical. In silo storage, extra attention should be given to compressing the sides of the silo to ensure uniform density.
No matter the container type, the silage must be sealed quickly to prevent air exposure. The sealing process typically involves covering the filled silo with plastic or a tarp and then pressing soil over it to create an airtight seal. This is usually done in two stages: once when the silo is full, and again every 5–7 days. Each press should be at least 30 cm deep and higher than the surrounding ground to prevent water infiltration. After about 20 days, regular checks are needed to detect and repair any cracks caused by settling materials. Drainage channels should also be installed around the silo.
In addition, maintaining the right moisture level between 50% and 65% is essential. If all other conditions are met, using a silage additive like Jinbao Silage Starter can significantly improve the quality and stability of the final product.
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