Pepper plants have shallow root systems with limited root volume and weak nutrient absorption capacity. During the fruiting stage, more than half of the total fertilizer is absorbed by the plant. From the time the first fruits appear until harvest, the plant continues to grow, with second and third layers of fruits developing simultaneously, along with new branches, leaves, and continuous flowering and fruiting. This process demands a significant amount of nutrients. If fertilization is not timely, it can hinder plant growth and negatively impact fruit size and development.
It's important to ensure sufficient base fertilizer before fruit set, so that the first layer of peppers can meet their nutritional needs. When the first peppers reach about 3 cm in length, the first topdressing can be applied along with irrigation. For 667 square meters, apply 25 kg of ammonium sulfate and 10 kg of potassium sulfate. After that, additional topdressing should be given based on the plant’s growth condition, especially before each fruit layer begins to enlarge. If available, carbon dioxide gas fertilizer can also be used to enhance growth.
Watering before planting and settling is not necessary, but the soil under the Mulch Film should remain consistently moist. Under conditions where there is no water stress and air circulation is good, pepper plants can quickly recover and grow normally. If seedlings are slow to emerge due to dry soil, water should be applied carefully in the furrow under the film, without overwatering. The water should just cover the ridge and reach the seedlings. Usually, the first watering is done together with the first topdressing when the first fruits begin to swell.
Watering depends on weather and soil moisture levels. If the topsoil turns white and the 10 cm layer is dry, it's time to water. From December to January, during the cold season, avoid both topdressing and watering. Instead, use foliar fertilization every 5–7 days. Starting in February, water every 7–10 days and apply fertilizer every other watering. Watering should be done under the film, with fertilizer added into the furrows. In March and April, as temperatures rise, the need for water increases. Water every 5–7 days, and after applying fertilizer in open furrows, you can spray water if needed. After open furrow irrigation, the surface soil should be slightly loosened to protect the roots. Avoid flooding or uneven watering, as sudden heavy watering after prolonged drought can cause fruit drop, leaf fall, and other issues.
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