Chuzhou Zaohong Pomelo is an early-maturing variety that was developed over 15 years from the grapefruit category in Lishui Lincui. It ripens before the Mid-Autumn Festival, with a moderate size and dark red flesh that is soft, juicy, and sweet. Its low acidity makes it ideal for family consumption and as a gift. The economic benefits of growing this variety are significant, as grafted seedlings begin to bear fruit in their third year, reaching full production between 6 to 7 years. On average, each tree yields 50 kg, with some reaching up to 80 kg, translating to 2,000–3,500 kg per mu. This variety is known for its high yield and stable production.
The growth cycle of Chuzhou Zaohong Pomelo starts in early March with bud emergence, followed by flowering in mid-April and fruit drop in early May. The first physiological fruit drop occurs in mid-May, with the second taking place in late May to early June. By the end of May, fruit begins to form, and by mid-July, the fruit enters a stable growth phase. Coloring starts in late August, with full maturity achieved by mid to late September.
Cultivation of Chuzhou Zaohong Pomelo requires attention to several key steps:
1. **Nursery**: Grafting is the primary propagation method, using rootstocks that offer strong cold resistance and good compatibility. The rootstock should be chosen based on soil conditions—preferably deep, fertile, and well-drained soil. Grafted trees show high survival rates, vigorous growth, and early fruiting.
2. **Planting**: Select a sheltered slope at an elevation of around 350 meters with deep, loose, and nutrient-rich soil. In mountainous areas, terracing is essential, with planting holes or ditches dug to a depth and width of 1 meter. For flatlands, raised beds and irrigation channels are recommended. Apply organic fertilizer to each planting hole, ideally 50–100 kg of manure or compost.
3. **Planting Density**: A typical spacing of 3x4 meters is recommended, with 50–60 plants per mu. Due to the early maturation and high economic returns, closer planting can be used initially, later reducing to 55 plants per mu during replanting.
4. **Shaping and Pruning**: The tree can be pruned into a natural round or semi-rounded shape, with a trunk height of 30–45 cm. Encourage base branches and remove excess shoots to promote air circulation and light penetration. Proper pruning helps maintain an open canopy and improves fruit quality.
5. **Fertilization and Water Management**: To support high yields, apply balanced fertilizers annually: 100–150 kg of urea, 60–100 kg of phosphate, and 30–50 kg of potash per mu. Organic matter such as 30–50 kg of compost or 2–3 kg of cake fertilizer per plant should also be added to enhance fruit quality.
6. **Thinning Fruits**: During the flower bud stage, thinning is essential to reduce nutrient competition. After the first physiological fruit drop, remove deformed, diseased, or damaged fruits, ensuring even distribution across the tree.
7. **Pest and Disease Control**: As with other citrus varieties, disease and pest management follows standard practices, including regular monitoring and timely application of appropriate treatments.
By following these cultivation techniques, farmers can ensure healthy growth, high yields, and superior fruit quality, making Chuzhou Zaohong Pomelo a valuable addition to any orchard.
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