First, preparing nutrient-rich soil
To create a healthy growing medium, mix 60% garden soil with 40% decomposed organic fertilizer. Alternatively, you can use a combination of 30% decomposed organic fertilizer and 10% plant ash. For additional nutrients, add 0.2% diammonium phosphate or 1 kg of superphosphate calcium per cubic meter of soil. Before using the mixture, thoroughly combine it with 800 times diluted thiophanate-methyl for disease prevention.Second, preparing the seedbeds
If electricity is available, use electric heating cables at a rate of 100 watts per square meter to maintain warmth. Fill the seedbeds with nutrient-rich soil, making sure that the soil occupies about 80% of the space. Arrange the packed soil neatly and tightly on the beds to ensure good contact and uniform growth.Third, seed treatment
Before sowing, expose the seeds to sunlight for 2-3 days to improve germination. Then soak them in a solution of carbendazim diluted 500-600 times. After rinsing and cleaning, place the seeds in water heated to 50°C-55°C for 3-4 hours to further enhance their viability.Fourth, seed germination
After soaking, place the seeds in a damp cloth and keep them in a warm environment between 25°C and 30°C. Once approximately 80% of the seeds have sprouted, they are ready to be sown.Fifth, sowing the seeds
Before planting, moisten the seedbed thoroughly. Once the water has been absorbed, place the germinated seeds individually into the soil. Cover them with 1-1.5 cm of fine sifted soil and then cover the bed with a plastic sheet to retain moisture. Once the seedlings emerge, remove the plastic to prevent heat damage and promote healthy growth.Sixth, managing the seedbed
From sowing until the first signs of emergence, maintain daytime temperatures around 30°C and nighttime temperatures above 20°C. After the seedlings appear, gradually lower the temperature to 25°C during the day and 14°C-16°C at night. Once the true leaves develop, adjust the temperature to 22°C-25°C during the day and 13°C-15°C at night. About a week before transplanting, begin hardening off the seedlings by exposing them to cooler temperatures to help them adapt to outdoor conditions.By following these steps carefully, you can ensure strong and healthy seedlings that are well-prepared for transplanting into the field.
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