The rich tree, scientifically known as *Robinia pseudoacacia*, is a remarkable species valued for its ornamental beauty, ecological benefits, and economic potential. It plays a key role in afforestation, soil conservation, and sand fixation. Notably, it is also a rare source of high-quality pollen during the summer and autumn seasons. Native to Spain, this tree was introduced to North Korea in the 1960s. In the mid-1990s, an agronomist from Jilin Province, Li Yongzhen, brought the species back from North Korea, marking the beginning of its successful cultivation in China. Since then, the tree has seen rapid development and widespread adoption.
**Biological Characteristics of the Rich Tree**
The rich tree is a leguminous plant with butterfly-like flowers, typically growing up to 10–12 meters tall. Its trunk is straight and upright, with sparse, long branches and gray-brown bark. The leaves are alternate, pinnate, with 17–19 leaflets, elliptical or ovate in shape, smooth, and bright green—larger than those of common locust trees. It blooms from May to August, especially in southern China, producing pendulous racemes that can reach 8–12 cm in length. Beekeepers in China have praised it for its large, abundant, beautiful flowers, long blooming period, pleasant fragrance, and rich pollen, making it an excellent resource for beekeeping.
This tree thrives in sunny, well-ventilated environments and can tolerate temperatures as low as -25°C. It is adaptable to various soils, including neutral, acidic, and slightly alkaline types, and can grow at altitudes up to 2,100 meters. From Heilongjiang Province, it is widely cultivated across China. Its fast growth rate, strong regenerative ability, and high economic and ecological value make it a promising candidate for large-scale planting in apiculture, landscaping, windbreaks, and soil conservation projects.
**Breeding Techniques of the Rich Tree**
Although the rich tree produces beautiful flowers, it rarely bears fruit and does not produce viable seeds, making traditional seed propagation ineffective. Instead, it is propagated through asexual methods such as root cuttings, stem cuttings, or grafting.
1. **Root Cuttings**: This is the most commonly used method, with a survival rate of 85–90%.
- **Preparation**: After defoliation, roots are selected and stored in moist sand to prevent drying or rotting.
- **Site Preparation**: Sandy loam soil with good drainage is ideal. Organic manure and phosphate fertilizer are applied as base fertilizers, and insecticides are used to control underground pests.
- **Nursery**: In the south, planting begins in mid-March; in the north, late March to early April. Root segments (5–10 mm in diameter, 5–7 cm long) are laid horizontally in trenches spaced 30 cm apart.
- **Seedling Management**: Watering and mulching are essential after planting. Once seedlings emerge, weeding and pest control are critical.
- **Transplanting**: Seedlings are transplanted before budding, usually in fall or early spring. With proper care, they can grow to 2–3 meters in height within a year.
2. **Stem Cuttings**:
- **Cutting Time**: Similar to root cuttings, but may be earlier.
- **Cutting Preparation**: Select 8–20 mm diameter hardwood branches, cut into 15 cm lengths. The top cut is made 1–2 cm above a bud, while the bottom is slanted at 45 degrees. Soak the lower end in rooting powder for 3–4 hours.
- **Planting**: Insert cuttings at a 45-degree angle, 20 cm apart, and cover with mulch.
- **Management**: Maintain moisture and temperature, remove lateral buds, and provide regular watering and fertilization. Cuttings can grow over 2 meters in one season.
Overall, the rich tree is easy to manage, cost-effective, and highly versatile. It is ideal for large-scale projects such as apiculture, urban greening, wind protection, and erosion control. Its unique combination of beauty, utility, and resilience makes it a valuable addition to both natural and cultivated landscapes.
Onion Powder
Onion powder, as the name suggests, is a powdered condiment made from fresh onion, finely processed through dehydration, drying and grinding. It not only retains the characteristic pungency and aroma of onion, but also facilitates the use and storage of onion to a great extent.
Onion powder plays an important role in cooking. Whether you are stir-frying, stewing or making sauces, you can easily add a rich onion flavor to your dishes by just sprinkling the right amount of onion powder. It makes the cooking process easier and quicker, while allowing the onion flavor to penetrate more evenly into the ingredients.
In addition, onion powder has some nutritional value. It is rich in sulfides, vitamin C and many minerals, which have a positive impact on human health. Sulfides have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, while vitamin C helps to boost the immune system and keep the skin healthy.
onion powder, onion ground, white onion powder
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